Well we’ve had a rich and interesting day. I can’t possibly do it justice. But I have been asked to make a few minutes of final remarks. I assure you this was not my idea. And by my clock, I have minus eight minutes. So I’ll try to be very quick. But my assignment as I understood is it to try and extract from today’s presentations and discussions and the posters some discernable themes in the w...

This report describes the results of NCGIA Initiative 3 on Multiple Representations. It begins with a discussion of objectives and the process of developing a research agenda. Each of the major research activities is discussed. The initiative was active during the period 1988-1990. Since that time, research activities have continued, and include research following the original agenda as well as...

* Corresponding author; Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Crack tunneling is a crack growth feature often seen in stable tearing crack growth tests on specimens made of ductile materials and containing through-thickness cracks with initially straight crack fronts. As a specimen is loaded monotonically, the mid-section of the crack front will advance first, which will be followed by crack growth ...

Theories of toughness of materials depend on an understanding of the characteristic instabilities of the crack tip, and their possible interactions. In this paper we examine the effect of dislocation emission on subsequent cleavage of a crack and on further dislocation emission. The work is an extension of the previously published Lattice Greens Function methodology[1, 2, 3]. We have developed ...

In the short crack regime of the fatigue process, grain boundaries in steels are barriers against crack growth. In this paper, we use: (1) a method involving crack density; and (2) a method of dimensional analysis, to evaluate the effects of grain size and grain-boundary resistance on short crack behaviour and fatigue life. The results show that the fatigue life increases with a decrease in gra...

nowadays, textile and woven fabric composites are taken into consideration forapplications in high mechanical properties and every in-plane direction. however, developments inmodelling and characterisation of the fabric reinforced composite materials are considered more inthe effects of element types used in the mesh generation of the crack tip. the type of elementselected for the crack tip, a ...

Fatigue crack growth has been observed recently in ferroelectrics under cyclic electric loading[ Does the crack grow by electric breakdown\ or by the stress _eld near the crack tip< The present paper provides a mechanistic explanation for the electric!_eld!induced fatigue crack growth[ The non!uniform electric _eld near an insulated crack tip might cause domain switching which in turn produces ...

This chapter reviews the literature concerning the key aspects of CL. It opens with a review of relevant learning theories and the conceptual framework on which this study is based so that the foundations of CL can be understood. More importantly, this chapter differentiates some of the confusing concepts such as collaboration, cooperation, and group work and discusses how they have been resear...