نتایج جستجو برای: costs of maintenance
تعداد نتایج: 21180427 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
This paper presents a comprehensive operation model for micro grids operating in the islanded mode. Various energy sources including diesel engine generator, micro turbine, wind turbine and photovoltaic cell as well as battery storage and AC/DC rectifier/inverter are included in the modeling of the micro grid. Fuel costs, emission costs, and operation and maintenance costs of these sources as w...
In this paper, robust optimization of a bi-objective mathematical model in a dynamic cell formation problem considering labor utilization with uncertain data is carried out. The robust approach is used to reduce the effects of fluctuations of the uncertain parameters with regards to all the possible future scenarios. In this research, cost parameters of the cell formation and demand fluctuation...
conclusion the technical performance of pet scan is significantly higher than similar technologies for staging and treatment of nsclc. in addition, it might slightly improve the treatment process and lead to a small level of increase in the quality adjusted life year (qaly) gained by these patients making it cost-effective for the treatment of nsclc. results the total annual running cost of a p...
In an empirical analysis of sixty-five software maintenance projects in a large IBM COBOL transaction processing environment, the impacts of correctable software complexity upon project costs were estimated. Module size, procedure size, and the use of complex branching were all found to significantly affect software maintenance costs. It was estimated that projects involving maintenance of syst...
Generating companies use the maintenance cost function as the sole or main objective for creating the maintenance schedule of power generators. Usually only maintenance activities related costs are considered to derive the cost function. However, in deregulated markets, maintenance related costs alone do not represent the full costs of generators. This paper models various cost components that ...
For leased equipment the lessor incurs penalty costs for failures occurring over the lease period and for not rectifying such failures within a specified time limit. Through preventive maintenance actions the penalty costs can be reduced but this is achieved at the expense of increased maintenance costs. The paper looks at a periodic preventive maintenance policy which achieves a tradeoff betwe...
User costs related to maintenance operations represent a considerable amount of public expense in the United States. They are in the forms of extra fuel consumption, higher vehicular operating and maintenance costs, and additional travel time. As the demand for road maintenance keeps increasing, there is a tremendous need to reduce the user costs by introducing new technologies. Automating road...
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