background: dyspepsia and gastro-oesophageal reflux diseases (gerd) are very widespread in the community throughout the world. the aim of this study was to determine the direct and indirect cost of gerd and dyspepsia in the general population. methods: from may 2005 to december 2006, a cross-sectional study conducted in tehran province; including 18,180 individuals with gi symptoms drawn up ran...

abstract level of groundwater is decreased which is mainly because, withdrawal of groundwater is increased, because of lack of right management. economics of rural based farming and farming is dependent of water so decreasing of groundwater effects social welfare. in this study decrease of welfare measure by reason of reduction of groundwater level considered. this study investigated the impact...

background glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd) enzyme deficiency is one of the prevalent disorders in guilan province, northern iran, causing many patients to suffer from acute hemolysis. this disease has imposed tremendous costs both on patients and health systems. the aim of this study was to compare the direct costs of favism treatment on patients and health system with g6pd enzyme scre...

background: major thalassemia is an autosomal recessive disease with complications, mortality and serious pathology. today, the life expectancy of patients with major thalassemia has increased along with therapeutic advances. therefore, they need lifelong care, and caring for them would incur many costs. being aware of the patients’ costs can be effective for controlling and managing the costs ...

conclusions the results confirmed that the total costs for non-alcoholic fatty liver among the iranian adult urban population alone exceeded 1 billion ppp$ per year. these costs can be saved or reduced by effective disease management and early prevention. objectives this study aims to estimate the diagnosis and treatment costs of non-alcoholic fatty liver. patients and methods this cross-sectio...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none fa microsoftinternetexplorer4 aim : for the purpose of cost modeling, the semi-parametric single-index two-part model was utilized in the paper. furthermore, as functional gastrointestinal diseases which are well-known as common causes of illness among the society people in terms of both the number of patients and prevalence in a specific time interval, t...