It was recently suggested (Lockwood, 2001) that the cosmic ray intensity in the neutron monitor energy range is linearly related to the coronal source flux, and can be reconstructed for the last 130 years using the long-term coronal flux estimated earlier. Moreover, Lockwood (2001) reconstructed the coronal flux for the last 500 years using a similar linear relation between the flux and the con...

In this paper we present a new five particle species hybrid model for calculating cosmic ray particle transport and acceleration in a dynamic heliospheric environment. In particular the effects of solar cycle related changes in the solar wind speed on the heliospheric geometry, solar wind flow and cosmic ray distribution are discussed, when a polarecliptic asymmetry at the inner boundary is mod...

Aims. A model to describe cosmic ray spectra in the energy region from 10 10 to 10 17 eV is suggested based on the assumption that Galactic cosmic ray flux is a mixture of fluxes accelerated by shocks from nova and supernova of different types. Methods. We analyze recent experimental data on cosmic ray spectra obtained in direct measurements above the atmosphere and data obtained with ground Ex...

We elucidate the physical basis for the upper bound on high energy neutrino fluxes implied by the observed cosmic ray flux. We stress that the bound is valid for neutrinos produced either by p ,g reactions or by p 2p(n) reactions in sources which are optically thin for high energy protons to photo-meson and nucleonmeson interactions. We show that the upper bound is robust and conservative. The ...

In this paper, we have done an accurate investigation of proton acceleration in GRBs and we have predicted a possible signature of cosmic rays, in sufficiently baryon loaded fireball, via a GeV γ-ray emission produced by a π0-meson decay. If two ungrounded assumptions are removed, namely, Bohm’s scaling and a slow magnetic field decrease, the usual Fermi processes are unable to generate UHECRs ...