Gene conversion plays an important part in shaping genetic diversity in populations, yet estimating the rate at which it occurs is difficult because of the short lengths of DNA involved. We have developed a new statistical approach to estimating gene conversion rates from genetic variation, by extending an existing model for haplotype data in the presence of crossover events. We show, by simula...

In most flow systems, the rate of protein transfer from bulk solution to a macroscopic surface is site-dependent. In studies on surface-mediated protein conversion, this hampers the comparison of a proposed expression for the conversion process, such as the Michaelis-Menten equation, which actually measured overall conversion rates. However, the rotating disc is a classical example of a uniform...

for comparison of the food value of four different epecies of aquatic weeds: potamogeton pectinatus , potamogeton lucens, potamogeton perfoliatus, najas minor and two species of terrestrial grass: medicago sativa and cynodon dactylon by grass carp (ctenopharyngodon ideda), was studied in the shahicl rejai fishfarm in sari (province of mazandaran). totally 6 concrete ponds with 30 cubic meter vo...

The new capabilities of smart sensing systems namely, adaptability, reconfiguration, lowenergy consumption and cost, between others, require a wisely selection of the methods that are use to perform analog to digital conversion. It is very important to optimize the trade-offs between, resolution, accuracy, conversion rate, and energy consumption, between others, and above all to adapt dynamical...

essential oil of rosmarinus officinallis was investigated on toxicity and physiological aspect of elm leaf beetle xanthogaleruca luteola mull. for 3rd instar larvae and adults in controlled condition (25 ± 2 °c; 14:10ld; 65% rh). lc50 were estimated 2.55 and 1.11 for 3rd instar larvae and adults respectively. the effect of lc50 dose on remaining insects were investigated on nutritional indices....

the potential of marine actinobacteria particularly streptomyces as a single cell protein (scp) feed for the growth of ornamental fish, xiphophorus helleri has been investigated. the streptomyces strains used as scp were isolated from the marine sponges, namely callyspongia diffusa , mycale mytilorum , tedania anhelans and dysidea fragilis . six scp feeds were prepared and their effects were co...

the beet armyworm spodoptera exigua (hübner) is a serious and economically important pest of solanaceous crops worldwide. the nutritional indices of this pest on three host plants including pepper capsicum frutescens, eggplant solanum melongena and tomato solanum lycopersicum were determined under laboratory conditions at 26 ± 1 °c, 60 ± 5% rh and 16: 8 (l: d) h. the highest relative consumptio...

The derivation of block-processing structures for fractional sample rate conversion (FSRC) is revisited. In the past, several timeor frequency-domain approaches [1-6] have been proposed. However, the resulting structures differ concerning their group delay and, as a consequence thereof, in the arrangement of coefficients. In this paper it is shown that a minimum extra delay of z (ML L M+1) is s...