background: monte carlo method (mc) has played an important role in design and optimization of medical linacs head and beam modeling. the purpose of this study was to compare photon beam features of two commercial linacs, varian 21ex and elekta sl-25 using mcnp4c mc code. materials and methods: the 6mv photon beams of varian 21ex and elekta sl-25 linacs were simulated based on manufacturers pro...

Although core, animal-reminder, and contamination disgust are viewed as distinct "types" of disgust vulnerabilities, the extent to which individual differences in the three disgust domains uniquely predict contamination-related anxiety and avoidance remains unclear. Three studies were conducted to fill this important gap in the literature. Study 1 was conducted to first determine if the three t...

To assess the leakage of sanitation service in urban areas on the contamination of water streams and soil besides, a risk assessment study was conducted through the intake of edible plants from polluted irrigated suburban area of El-Zomor area, Egypt. The results revealed that concentrations of trace elements were several folds higher in the studied site compared to the background level in the ...

objective: the aim of this study was to investigate the reliability and validityof the farsi version of the toronto alexithymia scale-20 in a sample of opioidsubstance use disordered patients. methods: 321 substance dependent patients (287 male, 34 female)participated in this study. all of the participants were asked to complete thefarsi version of the toronto alexithymia scale-20 (ftas-20), th...

Background: Land and water pollution by heavy metals is a universal issue. Although the pollution affects all countries, but its range and severity vary hugely. The pollution of the marine environment by heavy metals is a worldwide problem. Marine sediments can be sensitive indicators for monitoring contaminants in aquatic environments. Methods: The concentration of 10 elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu...

Total skin electron irradiation (TSEI) is a complex technique which requires many nonstandard measurements and dosimetric procedures. The purpose of this work was to validate measured dosimetry data by Monte Carlo (MC) simulations using EGSnrc-based codes (BEAMnrc and DOSXYZnrc). Our MC simulations consisted of two major steps. In the first step, the incident electron beam parameters (energy sp...

in this study, the concentrations of heavy metals (ca, zn, cu, fe, mn, ni) in thesediment of shavoor river in khuzestan province in iran has been investigated. after the library studies and field studies, six samples of water and sediment were taken from the river in order to evaluate heavy metal pollution in sediments. to determine the geochemical phases of metals in sediment samples the 5-ste...