The efficacy of camel milk consumption as an adjunct to routine diabetic management in maintaining long-term glycaemia control in type I diabetes was assessed during a 52 week randomised study. Throughout the duration of the study, 12 randomly assigned patients underwent routine diabetic management (diet, exercise and parental insulin supplementation) and 12 randomly assigned patients additiona...

Fast growth of wireless services in recent years is an indication that considerable value is placed on wireless networks. Wireless devices have most utility when they can be used anywhere at any time. One of the greatest challenges is limited energy supplies. Therefore, energy management is one of the most challenging problems in wireless networks. In recent years, Wireless Sensor Networks have...

The carbon footprint is a measure of the amount of greenhouse gas emissions caused by an activity or over the life stages of a product. Logistical service providers have various reasons to attempt to gain insight in the carbon footprint of their transport services. Clients may ask for a report on the emissions caused by a transport order and forthcoming legislation may demand carbon management ...

Corn-based ethanol, the most common first generation biofuel in the US, plays an important role as a fossil fuels alternative. Second generation biofuels, which are mostly based on lignocellulosic biomass, have gained great attention in recent years. Size reduction of the lignocellulosic biomass is a key step to the efficiency of downstream processes (i.e., pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, a...

Today, most countries are facing national CO2 targets focused on production and direct energy use. However, two important driving forces are increased consumption and changing consumption patterns. In this paper we analyse the impact from household consumption on CO2 emissions. Household energy use is taken into account, as is the consumption of commodities and services produced by industry. Ba...

Reduction of energy consumption has played a significant role in industry. This paper describes a study on reducing energy consumption by machining process improvements. Methods of reducing energy consumption in a manufacturing line consisting of multiple machines are verified. First, to consolidate the processes, a series of horizontal machining centers are replaced with a 5axis machining cent...

In order to cope with the unpredictability of the energy market and provide rapid response when supply is strained by demand, an emerging technology, called energy demand management, enables appliances to manage and defer their electricity consumption when price soars. Initial experiments with our multiagent, power load management simulator, showed a marked reduction in energy consumption when ...

There are many materials for which the quantity needed by a firm is at best indirectly related to the quantity of final product produced by that firm, such as solvents in manufacturing processes or office supplies. For any such “indirect” materials, an inescapable incentive conflict exists: The buyer wishes to minimize consumption of these indirect materials, while the supplier’s profits depend...

Further reductions in pollution will require new management approaches based on ecosystem concepts. In this paper we examine three case studies that analyze flows of nutrients in urban ecosystems to identify new approaches for pollution management. An analysis of the food chain for the Twin Cities (Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota, USA) is used to examine generation of nutrient pollution in the ...