conduct and orientation of states in their foreign policy are affected by geopolitical constant and variable factors. the authors of the present paper try to study the impact of variable factors on determining the islamic republic of iran’s foreign policy in the 1979-2005 period, on the basis of holsti’s trilogy on foreign policy (orientations, national roles and goals). exploiting the concept ...

Those who continued with its cause into the late Victorian age, framed loyalism as a principled challenge to constitutional settlement that culminated in Anglo-Scottish Union of 1707. The case for restoring House Stuart, focal point their efforts, had become distinctive strand within British but many respects remained tangential movement home rule Scotland. Restoration Stuarts necessitated acts...

Abstract Post-revolutionary Spanish America barely features in existing scholarship on nineteenth-century British political and social thought. But the region was widely discussed, raised distinctive issues about republican government, effects of colonial rule, operation absolute power. This article examines how debated autarchic dictatorship erected newly independent Paraguay. Their attempts t...

After a long struggle of Muslims All India, Pakistan came into being on 14th August 1947. Indian Independence Act 1947 gave power to the two states India and partially modify Govt 1935. That’s why was ruled under which an amended version Govt. Of Under this Act, Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinah took oath as first Governor General while Quaid-i-Millat Liaqat Khan Prime Minister Pakistan. would ha...

Abstract In the post‐national setting, concept of ‘economic constitution’ has been seen as design template and saviour; whether based on transactional certitude or founded ordoliberal precepts, economic constitution is assumed to legitimate integration across national borders in absence comprehensive political settlement. Nevertheless, recent tensions – not only within European Union (EU) but a...

The article is devoted to the analysis of activities State Council in Russian Empire and Federation. historical stages creation development this institute Russia are studied detail. activity state body with a fairly long pre-revolutionary history modern constitutional status from standpoint chrono-discrete monogeographic method. authors emphasize relevance method used: particular, it indicated ...

Henry Monaghan famously argued that much of constitutional interpretation takes the form of what he termed constitutional common law, a body of doctrines and rules that are constitutionally inspired but not constitutionally required and that can be altered or reversed by Congress. This Essay argues that a fair amount of ordinary administrative law qualifies as constitutional common law: Constit...

Constitutional architects usually include in constitutional texts an unamendable clause known as constitutional entrenchment. A constitutional entrenchment serves different purposes such as, shielding and preserving high valued constitutional norms and distancing the state from past autocratic practices. The study of constitutional entrenchment has attracted great attention in recent years sinc...