in this study it has been tried, to compare results and convergence rate of sensitivity analysis and conjugate gradient algorithms to reduce fuel consumption and increasing engine performance by optimizing the timing of opening and closing valves in xu7/l3 engine. in this study, considering the strength and accuracy of simulation gt-power software in researches on the internal combustion engine...

In this paper, we consider a class of structured fractional minimization problems where the numerator part objective is sum convex function and Lipschitz differentiable (possibly) nonconvex function, while denominator function. By exploiting structure problem, propose first-order algorithm, namely, proximal-gradient-subgradient algorithm with backtracked extrapolation (PGSA_BE) for solving type...

We prepared an oligodeoxyribonucleotide conjugate (5-3ant(2)18) carrying two anthracenes, each of which was tethered to both ends of the conjugate through hexamethylene linker chains. The conjugate has a mirror repeat of two heptamer sequences, such that it forms a bimolecular triplex with the single stranded target, forming a two-fold U-shaped conformation. The conformation of the conjugate in...

In this paper‎, ‎two extended three-term conjugate gradient methods based on the Liu-Storey ({tt LS})‎ ‎conjugate gradient method are presented to solve unconstrained optimization problems‎. ‎A remarkable property of the proposed methods is that the search direction always satisfies‎ ‎the sufficient descent condition independent of line search method‎, ‎based on eigenvalue analysis‎. ‎The globa...

(2013) Robust, specific ratiometric biosensing using a copper-free clicked quantum dot-DNA aptamer sensor. 5 We report herein the successful preparation of a compact, functional CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dot (QD)-DNA conjugate via the highly efficient copper-free " click chemistry " (CFCC) between a dihydro-lipoic acid-polyethylene glycol-azide (DHLA-PEG-N 3) capped QD and a cyclooctyne modif...

Serotype 1 pneumococci are a major cause of serious disease and have been associated with outbreaks but are rarely carried. The high attack rate and lack of coverage of this serotype by the heptavalent conjugate vaccine prompted the characterization of a geographically diverse collection of 166 serotype 1 isolates from recent cases of invasive disease. The isolates were resolved by multilocus s...

Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are very attractive antisense and antigene agents, but these molecules are not passively taken into cells. Here, using a functional cell assay and fluorescent-based methods, we investigated cell uptake and antisense activity of a tridecamer PNA that targets the HIV-1 polypurine tract sequence delivered using the arginine-rich (R/W)9 peptide (RRWWRRWRR). At micromola...

The self-assembly in aqueous solution of three novel telechelic conjugates comprising a central hydrophilic polymer and short (trimeric or pentameric) tyrosine end-caps has been investigated. Two of the conjugates have a central poly(oxyethylene) (polyethylene oxide, PEO) central block with different molar masses. The other conjugate has a central poly(L-alanine) (PAla) sequence in a purely ami...

For rapid and effective clinical translation, polymer-based anticancer therapeutics need long circulating conjugates that produce a sustained concentration gradient between the vasculature and solid tumor. To this end, we designed second-generation backbone-degradable diblock N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer carriers and evaluated sequential combination therapy of HPMA copolym...

a classical result of neumann characterizes the groups in which each subgroup has finitely many conjugates only as central-by-finite groups. if x is a class of groups, a group g is said to have x-conjugate classes of subgroups if g/coreg(ng(h)) 2 x for each subgroup h of g. here we study groups which have soluble minimax conjugate classes of subgroups, giving a description in terms of g/z(g). w...