The ‘simulation hypothesis’ is an intriguing explanation for cognition, and holds that ‘thinking consists of simulated interaction with the environment’ ([4], p.242). However, the neuroscientific proof for a simulation mechanism in the brain is indirect. In this paper we present a minimal-model approach to investigate the ‘simulation hypothesis’. Our minimal model is called ACP? and is an exten...

OBJECTIVE To compare the laparotomy and laparoscopy techniques for correction of ventral hernia when related to perioperative complications, length of hospitalization, surgical time, and recurrence of hernia. METHODS This was a systematic review of randomized controlled trials, which included studies retrieved from four databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane and LILACS), using a combination of ...

Current findings from genetic studies of complex human traits often do not explain a large proportion of the estimated variation of these traits due to genetic factors. This could be, in part, due to overly stringent significance thresholds in traditional statistical methods, such as linear and logistic regression. Machine learning methods, such as Random Forests (RF), are an alternative approa...

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) recurrency rate is still high despite patients receiving complete treatment. The response to treatment may vary depending on the type of histopathology and Epstein-Barr virus, however mechanism remains unclear. Recent studies have found that there a relationship between presence cancer stem cells (CSCs). CD44+ cause be resis...

Abstract A site-specific probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) was achieved in the area of special economic zone authority Duqm, involving evaluation at bedrock conditions and assurance potential site influence on ground motion bedrock. Appropriate source ground-motion prediction models were selected hazards identified by means 5% damped Uniform Hazard Spectra (UHS) for three return pe...

This report addresses the historical problem that a very high percentage of accidents have been classified as involving "pilot error." Through extensive research since 1977, the Federal Aviation Administration determined that the predominant underlying cause of these types of accidents involved decisional problems or cognitive information processing. To attack these problems, Aeronautical Decis...

We examined the potential vulnerabilities of pilots flying a mixed fleet of two different aircraft types. A “worst case” scenario was evaluated in which a pilot, flying one type exclusively, would need to fly the different type, after 6 months without any recurrency training on the latter. These circumstances invite negative transfer of habits in the “old” aircraft, to performance in the “new” ...

In this article, we present a perspective on the role of the hippocampal system in generalization, instantiated in a computational model called REMERGE (recurrency and episodic memory results in generalization). We expose a fundamental, but neglected, tension between prevailing computational theories that emphasize the function of the hippocampus in pattern separation (Marr, 1971; McClelland, M...

A study was performed of consecutive patients presenting to a Dutch early arthritis clinic with a primary suggested diagnosis of reactive arthritis due to streptococci between April 1998 and January 2003, in a well-defined reference population consisting of 600 000 inhabitants. At 1 year after presentation out of 45 acute arthritis patients with initially an elevated antistreptolysin-O and with...

LEIOMYOSARCOMA PRESENTING AS A RECURRENT HEMATOMA OF THE DELTOID REGION (Abstract): Leiomyosarcoma is a rare cancer of smooth muscle. The prognosis depends on the patient's age and the size, histologic grade and stage of the tumor. CASE REPORT: The case of a 63year-old man diagnosed with a leiomyosarcoma of the deltoid region is reported. The patient was previously admitted twice in our surgica...