optimal management of caspian sea to reach sustainability and a cooperative peaceful use of resources is one of the most important issues in the region. this can help reduce political tensions and create a long-lasting security in considering the conflicts. the solution will be management strategies of caspian sea with its present status quo to reach cooperation between coastal states. to offer...

We analyse the hitherto unexplored relationship between intra-firm conflict between the research and development (R&D) department and central management, conflict alleviation and the choice of ‘open’ versus ‘closed’ innovation, in the context of a simple formal model. We find that in the presence of (intentional or unintentional) divergence of preferred (R&D) output between the R&D department a...

Roundabout intersections promote a continuous flow of traffic. Roundabouts entry move traffic through an intersection more quickly, and with less congestion on approaching roads. With the introduction of smart vehicles and cooperative decision-making, roundabout management shortens the waiting time and leads to a more efficient traffic without breaking the traffic laws and earning penalties. Th...

Introduction: Classroom management is leading the class bysetting the class schedule, organizing the procedures, supervisingthe learners’ progress, and predicting and solving their problems.Students’ disruptive behaviors and classroom management arethe most important challenges and concerns of the teachers. Thecurrent review aimed to analyze the classroom managementtechniques and strategies use...

When people have the chance to help others at a cost to themselves, are cooperative decisions driven by intuition or reflection? To answer this question, recent studies have tested the relationship between reaction times (RTs) and cooperation, reporting both positive and negative correlations. To reconcile this apparent contradiction, we argue that decision conflict (rather than the use of intu...

AIMS To identify conflict mode choices of head nurses in general hospitals and examine the relationship between leadership style, choice of strategy in handling conflicts and demographic characteristics. BACKGROUND Nurse managers deal with conflicts daily. The choice of conflict management mode is associated with managerial effectiveness. The ability to creatively manage conflict situations, ...

Key-value based data storage systems such as HBase and Bigtable provide high scalability and availability compared to traditional relational databases. However, unlike relational databases, the existing key-value stores provide only limited transactional functionality, such as single-row transactions. In this paper, we address the problem of building scalable transaction management mechanisms f...

Study of conflicts is of greatest importance both practically and theoretically. Conflict analysis and resolution play an important role in business, governmental, political and lawsuits disputes, labor-management negotiations, military operations and others. Many formal models of conflict situations have been proposed and studied. In this paper we outline a new approach to conflict analysis, w...

I The political development approach of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) II Deficiency of classic evaluation for political cooperation demands the development of new instruments III Political imperative for socio-political approaches on crisis prevention and conflict management IV Answering to deficiency and political imperative: Peace and Conflict Impact Assessment (PCAI) V The pilot phase: ...

introduction: leadership style is one of the most debated topics in management (urban health-care centers), which has influenced a great number of managers and employees. the present study aimed to determine the impact of the managers’ leadership styles on the employees’ job motivation based on the vroom-yetton model. methods: this study was a descriptive–analytical one and the research environ...