The objective of this study was to compare the steady-state plasma and intrapulmonary concentrations of orally administered pyrazinamide in normal volunteers and subjects with AIDS. Pyrazinamide was administered at 1 g once daily for 5 days to 40 adult volunteers (10 men with AIDS, 10 normal men, 10 women with AIDS, and 10 normal women). Subjects with AIDS and with more than four stools per day...

intestine is normal with no evidence of malabsorption." Three-day faecal fat excretion and xylose absorption test were normal. Although the serum B12 level was not available at the time, the evidence from blood, marrow, and barium meal examinations suggested vitamin B12 deficiency due to pernicious anaemia, and treatment was started with hydroxocobalamin 1 mg intramuscularly daily for four days...

Unborn children are exposed to environmental pollutants via the placenta, and there is a causal relationship between maternal intake of pollutants and fetal exposure. Placental examination is an effective way for acquiring data for estimating fetal exposure. We analyzed the concentrations of 104 congeners of persistent organic pollutants, seven organotin compounds, five heavy metals, and methyl...

We consider the following singularly perturbed Neumann problem ε∆u− u+ u = 0 , u > 0 in Ω, ∂u ∂ν = 0 on ∂Ω, where p > 2 and Ω is a smooth and bounded domain in R2. We construct a new class of solutions which consist of large number of spikes concentrating on a segment of the boundary which contains a strict local minimum point of the mean curvature function and has the same mean curvature at th...

the presence of radon in drinking water causes health risks associated with exposure from both inhalation and ingestion. since the studies show that faults near the water resources have a critical effect on the concentration of radon, kouhbanan active fault zone, to find water resources  with high radon concentration was chosen for the following investigation. water samples were taken from all ...

The rapid renal clearance of penicillin has made it difficult to maintain blood levels adequate to combat resistant organisms such as enterococci and many staphylococci. Diodrast (1), p-amino-hippurate (PAH) (2), benzoic acid (3), sodium benzoate (3, 4), and carinamide (5), have been found to block renal tubular excretion of penicillin with enhancement of blood levels. Of these compounds, only ...

We have analysed the distribution of inclination-corrected galaxy concentrations in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We find that unlike most galaxy properties, which are distributed bimodally, the distribution of concentrations is trimodal: it exhibits three distinct peaks. The newly-discovered intermediate peak, which consists of early-type spirals and lenticulars, may contain ∼ 60% of the numbe...

The clinical outcome of anti-infective treatment is determined by both PK and PD properties of the antibiotic. Only the free tissue concentrations of antibiotics at the target site, which are usually lower than the total plasma concentrations, are responsible for therapeutic effect. The free antibiotic concentrations at the site of action are a more appropriate PK input value for PK-PD analysis...

The oral administration of loxtidine to mice at doses of 600, 250, and 50 mg/kg/day for 746 days produced carcinoid tumours of the gastric fundus. The fundic mucosa also showed marked atypical hyperplasia with changes in foveolar cells similar to those seen in early incomplete metaplasia. These effects may be related to the prolonged achlorhydria produced by this potent unsurmountable histamine...

more detailed explanation of the basis for MCIA's position. Woodruff et al. (1) incorrectly suggest that industrial air emissions of methyl chloride present a significant health risk. On the basis of 1990 data for the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) and the Cumulative Exposure Project (CEP), Woofruff et al. purport to identify listed hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) that are present in the enviro...