We present a multi-scale molecular modeling of concentrated solutions of unknotted and non-concatenated ring polymers under good solvent conditions. The approach is based on a multi-blob representation of each ring polymer, which is capable of overcoming the shortcomings of single-blob approaches that lose their validity at concentrations exceeding the overlap density of the solution [A. Narros...

Prominent explanations of the overrepresentation of Black Americans in criminal justice statistics focus on the effects of neighborhood concentrated disadvantage, racial isolation, and social disorganization. We suggest that perceived personal discrimination is an important but frequently neglected complement to these factors. We test this hypothesis with longitudinal data on involvement in gen...

Despite advances in control via snail eradication and large-scale chemotherapy using praziquental, schistosomiasis continues to spread to new geographic areas particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Presently, there is no vaccine for controlling this disease. We have concentrated on a functionally important schistosome antigen Sm-p80 as a possible vaccine candidate for schistosomiasis. Here we repo...

Evidence suggests that Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine for use in cancer immunotherapy should have the following characteristics: high viability which is maintained on storage; high ratio of live to dead cells; high proportion of single cells; and low content of soluble antigen. The production of a vaccine with these characteristics was accomplished by use of a deep-culture technique. The...

background: recent studies indicate an increased incidence of pertussis disease in recent years. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the acellular vaccine for children (as a replacement of current whole cell vaccine in the expanded program on immunization) and for high-risk adults in iran through updating current best available evidence.   methods: we performed a systematic li...

Background and Aims: Influenza is one of the main respiratory infections of humans, responsible for 300,000–500,000 annual deaths world-wide. Vaccination is one of the best ways to prevent infections including influenza. Influenza virosomes are virus-like particles, which retain the cell binding and membrane fusion properties of the native virus, but lack the ribonucleoprotein (RNP). A vi...

background as per the vaccine management policy of the government of india all vaccine vials opened for an immunization session were discarded at the end of that session, irrespective of the type of vaccine or the number of doses remaining in the vial prior to 2013. subsequently, open vial policy (ovp) was introduced in 2013 and should reduce both vaccine wastage as well as governmental healthc...

  Introduction: The preparation of seasonal influenza virus vaccines and especially its large-scale production requirement after the emergence or reemergence of a pandemic will need an alternative host cell system due to current suboptimal methods and the insufficiency of embryonated chicken eggs needed for producing them. In response to the vital and increasing demand for alternative means for ...