It is widely accepted that behavioural changes induced by Toxoplasma gondii are an adaptation of the parasite to enhance transmission to its cat definitive host. In our opinion, this explanation requires a rethink. We argue that the experimental evidence that observed behavioural changes will enhance transmission to cats is not convincing. We also argue that cats and sexual reproduction may not...

The aim of the study was to determine usefulness FCoV Ab rapid serological tests in diagnosis effusive form FIP cats. cats included were divided into two groups. group consisted 40 with a strain causing (the presence M1058L mutation) abdominal fluid determined using PCR. control 15 ascites caused by factors other than infection. Serological examination demonstrated antibodies feline coronavirus...

Two-hundred fifteen cats with clinical signs consistent with feline heartworm disease (FHD) were entered into this clinical case study. In addition to physical examination, CBC, and heartworm antibody (Ab) and antigen (Ag) tests, thoracic radiographs were taken of 212 cats at initial examination. For cats that had a positive Ab or Ag test, or radiographic changes that could be associated with F...

27 Complete spinal cord injury (SCI) alters the contractile properties of skeletal muscle and 28 although exercise can induce positive changes, it is unclear if the remaining motor system can produce 29 adaptive muscle plasticity in response to a subsequent peripheral nerve injury. To address this, the 30 nerve supplying the lateral gastrocnemius and soleus muscles was sectioned unilaterally in...

Toxocaracati is one of the most important and widespread of the helminth zoonosis. In the present study, helminthosis due to Toxocaracati in 55 stray cats in Tehran was studied by necropsy. In addition, two different diagnostic methods, including serological and coprological tests, for infection with this parasite were compared. The dot-ELISA assay used Toxocaracati crude antigens to evaluate t...

Efficiently entering information into a computer is key to enjoying the benefits of computing. This paper describes three intelligent user interfaces: handwriting recognition, adaptive menus, and predictive fillin. In the context of adding a person’s name and address to an electronic organizer, tests show handwriting recognition is slower than typing on an on-screen, soft keyboard, while adapti...

Hypothalamic-Adenohypophyseal Disorders • Selegiline Treatment of Canine Pituitary‐Dependent Hyperadrenocorticism • Selegiline Effects on Responses to Medetomidine, Oxymorphone, or Butorphanol in Dogs • Double Pituitary Adenoma Associated With Diabetes Mellitus and Hyperadrenocorticism • Effects of Budesonide on Hypothalamic‐ Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis in Dogs Tests of Thyroid Function • Thyroid Ho...

In this paper, based on feedback linearization control method and using a special PI (propotational integrator) regulator (IP) in combination with a feed-forward controller, a three-phase induction servo-drive is speed controlled. First, an observer is employed to estimate the rotor d and q axis flux components. Then, two input-output state variables are introduced to control the dynamics of to...