We consider use of collective variables for description of composite fields as collective phenomena due to the strong coupling regime. We discuss two approaches, where identification of collective variables of complex quantum system does not depend on knowledge of other degrees of freedom: (a) collective variables as parameters of group transformations changing the path integral of the system, ...

Particle reinforced composite materials can be characterized as having electrical conductive properties due to their fillers’ material behavior. The paper aims to present a virtual instrumentation layout (Labview design) to aid electrical resistivity changes measurements for iron reinforced polymeric composite samples subjected to an external stress state. A LabJack U12 acquisition board will a...

In this paper we discuss the intuitive picture of the matrix element of composite particles, which has been represented in the field theory of composite partic1es.l In addition, we discuss the ratio of $ and $' particle decays under a reasonable assumption and obtain some interesting results. Submitted to Physical Review D * Work supported by the Department of Energy, contract DE-AC03-76SF00515.

According to recent research reports, addition of small amounts of a secondary fluid to a suspension could dramatically increase viscosity of suspension. Results of this study indicate another interesting behavior that the secondary fluid could form a thin hydrophobic membrane around particle surface and significantly decrease the viscosity and yield stress of the suspension. To enhance the sur...

We show how to resolve coherent low-energy features embedded in a broad high-energy background by use of a fully self-consistent calculation for composite particle operators. The method generalizes the formulation of Roth, which linearizes the dynamics of composite operators at any energy scale. Self-consistent equations are derived and analyzed in the case of the single-impurity SU(N) Kondo mo...

A simple algebraic model of charged particle coupled to singular magnetic field is given. Quantization is described as gradation by certain abelian group G. Statistics is determined by a commutation factor λ on the grading group G. Composite fermions and composite bosons are described in an unified way as Z 2 ⊕ ... ⊕ Z 2-graded λ-commutative algebras.

Since particle such as molecule, atom and nucleus are composite particle, it is important to recognize that physics must be invariant for both the composite particle and its constituent particles, this requirement is called particle invariance. But difficulties arise immediately because for fermion we use the Dirac equation, for boson we use the Klein-Gordon equation. Therefore, the particle in...

BACKGROUND Currently, acute upper respiratory tract infections (AURTIs) are increasingly becoming a significant health burden. Gankeshuangqing dispersible tablets (GKSQDT) which have a good effect on treating AURTIs. GKSQDT is composed of baicalin and andrographolide. However, its severe bitterness limits application of patients. Due to the addition of plentiful accessories, common masking meth...

This paper presents a multi-agent search technique to design an optimal composite box-beam helicopter rotor blade. The search technique is called particle swarm optimization (‘inspired by the choreography of a bird flock’). The continuous geometry parameters (cross-sectional dimensions) and discrete ply angles of the box-beams are considered as design variables. The objective of the design prob...

The fractional quantum Hall effect is a canonical example of electron-electron interactions producing new ground states in many-body systems. Most fractional quantum Hall studies have focussed on the lowest Landau level, whose fractional states are successfully explained by the composite fermion model. In the widely studied GaAs-based system, the composite fermion picture is thought to become u...