the outcome of the dispute it describes will provide benefit for patients with HIV in Thailand. Ford and colleagues focus on the complex issues surrounding access to medicines, reflecting the interests for which their employers campaign in an advert on the rear cover of The Lancet (Feb 21, 2004), and help to identify some of the issues that need to be resolved to achieve equitable drug availabi...

In this paper we present a new class of complexity measures, induced by a new data structure for representing k-valued functions (operations), called minor decision diagram. The results are presented in terms of MultiValued Logic circuits (MVL-circuits), ordered decision diagrams, formulas and minor decomposition trees. When assigning values to some variables in a function f the resulting funct...

The impending final deciphering of the complete human genome, coupled with the advancement of high-throughput technologies, is positioned to bring about a fundamental transformation in cancer research. The era of molecular biology is transforming into the era of genomic biology, with an unprecedented promise of understanding multifactorial diseases and of identifying specific targets that can b...

This is a complete exposition of a tight version of a fundamental theorem of computational complexity due to Levin: The inherent space complexity of any partial function is very accurately speciiable in a 1 way, and every such speciication that is even 2 does characterize the complexity of some partial function, even one that assumes only the values 0 and 1.

Organized medicine's modern-day professionalism movement has reached the quarter-century mark. In this article, the authors travel to an earlier time to examine the concept of profession within the work of Abraham Flexner. Although Flexner used the concept sparingly, it is clear that much of his writing on reforming medical education is grounded in his views on physicians as professionals and m...

We consider the problem of sequential prediction and provide tools to study the minimax value of the associated game. Classical statistical learning theory provides several useful complexity measures to study learning with i.i.d. data. Our proposed sequential complexities can be seen as extensions of these measures to the sequential setting. The developed theory is shown to yield precise learni...

By means of the diffusion entropy approach, we detect the scale-invariance characteristics embedded in the 4737 human promoter sequences. The exponent for the scale-invariance is in a wide range of [0.3,0.9], which centered at delta(c)=0.66. The distribution of the exponent can be separated into left and right branches with respect to the maximum. The left and right branches are asymmetric and ...

Antibiotics are arguably the most successful medicine on the planet, but the one under huge threat from antibiotic resistance in the face of diminishing new antimicrobial discovery efforts (Hancock, 2007). One of the great hopes for discovering new antibiotics arose when whole-genome sequencing came of age in 1995 with the decoding of the Haemophilus influenzae genome, followed rapidly by those...