بیش از سه دهه است که رقابت­ پذیری در فضاهای متفاوتی نظیر بنگاه­ ها، شرکت­ها، شهرها، مناطق و ملت­ ها مطرح شده است و این مفهوم در بررسی علل موفقیت یا ناکامی نهادهای فوق به­ ویژه در عرصه­ های اقتصادی از اهمیت به­ سزایی برخوردار گردیده است. رقابت­ پذیریِ شهری در سطح حکومت­ های ملی و تعاملات جهانی به یک جزء حیاتی در رقابت­ پذیری اقتصاد ملی تبدیل شده است. در این پژوهش، 107 کشور از سرتاسر دنیا با 481 ش...

abstract: advertisements are the most accessible type of authentic materials, and this is one reason why they are used more and more in english teaching classes. for this cause, studies in the field of advertisements are very widespread nowadays. for pun is one aspect which makes advertisements more interesting, it is used more than before in advertisements. use of puns makes an advertisement m...

any change in the refractive index of a laser active medium can lead to serious degradation of beam quality, laser beam modes, laser performance and variation in the intensity distribution. alteration in the refractive index of laser active medium is especially notable in high power lasers. it is clear that in the laser beam production, the pumping agent induces a great amount of heat which...

the research questions were as follows: 1. is there any relationship between the students concious awareness of the form and implications of the conjuncations and their improvement in using appropriate conjunctions? 2. does students knowledge of the from and the implications of the conjunctions help them to produce more coherent writings. 3. does a comparison between english conjunctions and th...

​Global value chains are a complex product of the international fragmentation of production expansion that has revolutionized the production organization of the global economy and increased trade in services and intermediary goods. This new form of trade has allowed developing countries to benefit from international trade with specialization and comparative advantage in tasks, without having a ...

ii abstract the legend of human being’s refulgence was distorted completely in the age of modernity. this new age, had some drastic negative effects, besides its positive qualities. one significant negative effect of it was the emergence of neurosis in human beings. aldous huxley’s brave new world was one of the novels of the 02 th century that contained the prophecy of criticizing ...

this study investigates the cohesive devices used in the textbook of english for the students of psychology. the research questions and hypotheses in the present study are based on what frequency and distribution of grammatical and lexical cohesive devices are. then, to answer the questions all grammatical and lexical cohesive devices in reading comprehension passages from 6 units of 21units th...

teachers beliefs have usually been left unattended in the realm of educational research in iranian context. one of those beliefs which seems to impact teachers performance in the classroom is their sense of self-efficacy, which refers to teachers belief in their ability to enhance student achievement and in bringing about positive learning outcomes. the present study aimed to investigate the pr...