The rise to prominence of Wal-Mart and other big-box retailers has given new life to the debate about whether “buyer power” at intermediate links in a vertically related chain of industries is good or bad for consumers and hence whether it requires the attention of competition authorities. The term is rarely precisely defined, but as used by most commentators “buyer power” refers to the circums...

Market power refers to conditions where the providers of a service can consistently charge prices above those that would be established by a competitive market. There are many well known definitions of market power, including indices intended to quantify the degree of market concentration of energy supplies. Unfortunately, market power considerations within electric power markets require the co...

now days, competitive power, according to the company’s survival. competitiveintelligence as a strategic management tool and one of the fastest growing areas of thebusiness world is one. the purpose of the present studies, competitive intelligence andinvestigate its impact on managers are thinking strategically. first of intelligenceterminology the competitive aspects of the market, competitors...

Permit markets lead polluting …rms to purchase abatement goods from an eco-industry, which is often concentrated. This paper studies the consequences of imperfect competition in an ecoindustry on the equilibrium choices of the competitive polluting …rms. It then characterizes the second best pollution cap. By comparing this situation to a competitive one, we show that Cournot competition on the...

We measure the welfare consequences of endogenous quality choice in imperfectly competitive markets. We introduce the concept of a “quality markup” and measure the relative importance for welfare of market power over price versus market power over quality. For U.S. cable-television markets between 1997-2006, we find that prices are 33% to 74% higher and qualities 23% to 55% higher than socially...

the concept of countervailing power is a term to describe the situation in which the market power of one side (sellers) may be balanced by the market power of another side(buyers) in a given market. the purpose of this paper is to test this hypothesis and to determine whether the market power of sellers has had a restraining influence on increases in buyer market power in iran’s large industrie...

This paper presents a new multi-objective coupled energy and reactive power market clearing model namely the MO-CERPMC model in day-ahead competitive market environment. In proposed model, both the active and reactive power markets are considered as coupled markets and cleared in a same time frame. The multi-objective optimization problem involves the minimization of total payment functions for...

Market power is the ability of a firm to raise the price of a product above its fair and competitive level. Locational market power is a special kind of market power that arises when locational advantage allows suppliers to act non-competitively. For example, in case of the electricity market, binding transmission constraints can prevent adequate competition. Transmission constraints can create...

The literature on technology licensing has ignored the importance of market power of the input supplier. In this paper we examine the impact of licensing in the downstream industry when the firms in the upstream industry have market power. We show that licensing in the downstream industry can make the upstream industry more competitive. However, licensing in the downstream industry is profitabl...

by the appropriate use of information technology, organizations can achieve sustainable competitive advantages. this technology because of including some characteristics such as being up-to-date, fast and precise and having different geographic localities all the time, has improved organizational efficiency, effectiveness and performance. in this article, we intend to investigate the role and e...