25 Although color Doppler ultrasonography has been used to evaluate testicular blood flow in 26 many species, very little has been done in goat. Eight male Shiba goats were exposed to a 27 single intramuscular injection of either gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH group; 28 1μg/kg BW) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG group; 25 IU/kg BW). Plasma 29 testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), and inh...

Demyelination is assumed to be the cause of the majority of cases of isolated optic neuritis. Because of the importance of establishing the presence of optic nerve dysfunction in patients suspected of having multiple sclerosis several new indices of optic nerve conduction have been reported including the visual evoked potential, the edge-light pupil cycle time, and the Pulfrich test. These meas...

In this article, we address the problem of thistle detection in sugar beet fields under natural, outdoor conditions. In our experiments, we used a commercial color camera and extracted vegetation indices from the images. A total of 474 field images of sugar beet and thistles were collected and divided into six different groups based on illumination, scale and age. The feature set was made up of...

We present a grid of 440 spectro-photometric models for simulating spiral and irregular galaxies. They have been consistently calculated with evolutionary synthesis models which use as input the information proceeding from chemical evolution models. The model predictions are spectral energy distributions, brightness and color profiles and radial distributions of spectral absorption stellar indi...

We present a method of determining the likely triggering mechanisms for luminous, nearby starbursts based on their optical asymmetry and (B-V) color – what we term as indices of 'physical morphology.' By comparing the starbursts' locations in a color-asymmetry diagram to an independent, nearby galaxy sample, we identify which starbursts are likely triggered by an interaction/merger. We confirm ...

Color dispersion, i.e., the dependency of refractive index of any transparent material on the wavelength of light, has important consequences for the function of optical instruments and animal eyes. Using a multi-objective goal attainment optimization algorithm, a dispersion model was successfully fitted to measured refractive indices of various ocular media and the longitudinal chromatic aberr...

We examined the light transmittance characteristics and refractive indices of light-activated pit and fissure sealants. Five commercial pit and fissure sealants and human enamel were studied, along with the CIE L*a*b* color values of the materials and enamel. The light transmittance spectra of the pit and fissure sealants showed a similar trend to the enamel, especially at wavelengths below 530...

Image patches of different roughness are likely to have different perceptual significance. In this paper, we introduce a method, which separates an image into layers, each of which retains only pixels in areas with similar spectral distribution characteristics. Simple color indexing is used to index the layers individually. By indexing the layers separately, we are implicitly associating the in...