Introduction Measures of farm diversification Data and model specification Econometric results Discussion Summary and conclusions Acknowledgements References Appendix Abstract. Farm planning often focuses on optimal diversification with respect to risk, where the riskmanagement strategies combine production, marketing, financial and environmental aspects of the farmfirm. In this study an empiri...

The purpose of this preliminary study was to define the vertical migration pattern in the dinoflagellate community in the shallow coastal sea. Migrations were followed in an area of mussel farming, through two 24-hour samplings, first during mixed and second during stratified water column conditions. Despite variable physical environment we were able to follow vertical migrations of some autotr...

Contract farming is a growing practice in developing countries and first-world economies, alike. It generates necessary guarantees to sustain the continued operations of vulnerable farmers while enabling the manufacturers to manage the aggregate supply and price risk. We consider a single manufacturer who owns several manufacturing plants, each with a random demand for the crop. The manufacture...

Disclaimer: The information in this publication does not constitute legal or professional advice and the Scottish Government cannot accept any liability for actions arising from its use. The views expressed within this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Scottish Government. Acknowledgements We would like to thank all the consultees who gave freely ...

â  introduction â  ethnic disputes and collective aggressions are observable in each period of history and are more evident in traditional and nomadic communities. this issue has had many life and property damages in the past and present times and it has also prevented social development to flourish. based on the damages of collective aggression, the researchers attempt to study the fundamental...

ORGANIC FARMING IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT The article analyzes the role and place of organic farming in achievement of the main goals within the sustainable development concept. It discusses ecological, social, and economic advantages of introduction of organic farming and provides information about its expansion in EU countries. The article contains data on experience and probl...

In India, 70-80% population of the country depends directly or indirectly to farming. So this field is very much important for research and the concept of contract farming is more important for farmers and other persons who are joined with this. There are so many models of contract farming and many of them are explained by authors in this paper. Many advantages and issues related to contract fa...

The objective of the research is to develop a robot farming system using multiple robots. The research will discuss the application of multiple robots in Japan agriculture for rice, wheat and soybean. The robot farming system includes a rice planting robot, a seeding robot, a robot tractor, a combine robot harvester and various implements attached on the robot tractor. One of the key elements o...

Factory farming continues to grow around the world as a low-cost way of producing animal products for human consumption. However, many of the practices associated with intensive animal farming have been criticized by public health professionals and animal welfare advocates. The aim of this essay is to raise three independent moral concerns with factory farming, and to explain why the practices ...