Herman Jan Phaff, the father of yeast ecology, was born in the Netherlands in 1913. In his early years, he spent much time in his family's winery, which sparked his interest in microbes. Trained in the famous Delft tradition, Phaff discovered many unrecognized ecological niches of yeast, such as shellfish, rabbit stomach, frass of bark beetles, tree exudates, cactus roots, Capri figs, sewage, D...

This paper presents an approach to derive a colleague-oriented interpretation of knowledge which is obtained from several sources and includes also knowledge about relations between experts and domain objects, relations between experts, and even an expert’s opinion about himself. The method calculates the amount of support, which any knowledge source gets from his colleagues, and then it uses k...

In addition to being a remarkable scientist (as described by Chris Marshall in this issue), Alan was a kind and generous mentor, colleague, advisor, and friend. Here, several of Alan’s trainees, colleagues, and fellow JCB editors share their memories of him. What is clear from their accounts is that the scientific community and JCB have lost a beloved colleague—a gentleman scientist of sharp in...

Aims and method This paper aims to review colleague and patient feedback from the 10-year period of the operation of the Royal College of Psychiatrists' 360-degree appraisal system, specifically: (1) examine the overall distribution of ratings; (2) examine the effect of working primarily with detained patients on patient feedback, represented by forensic psychiatrists; and (3) look for a relati...