Cage culture plays an important role in achieving higher output and generating more export earnings in Malaysia. However, the cost of fingerlings, feed and labour have increased substantially for cage culture in the coastal areas in Peninsular Malaysia. This paper uses farm level data gathered from Manjung, Perak and Kota Tinggi, Johor to investigate the technical efficiency of brackish water f...

In vitro culture of pathogens has been used for over a century to identify the causative organisms responsible for a variety of diseases (Koch 1881; Bass & Johns 1912; Dobell & Laidlaw 1926; Diamond 1960; Kocan 1969). For in vitro culture to correctly identify pathogenic organisms and/or determine infection prevalence, the parasite should be isolated in pure culture with a high degree of certai...

AIMS Chromosomal aberrations in tumour cells are often not discernable by direct analysis. Although cell culture allows qualitative analysis of the karyotype, potential selection and evolution during growth in vitro may yield misleading data. To determine whether aberrations observed in vitro are representative of the original lesion, chromosomal aberrations found after prolonged growth in vitr...

A simple, rapid PCR assay for the identification of Renibacterium salmoninarum in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) tissues detected DNA extracted from between 4 and 40 bacterial cells. PCR was at least as sensitive as culture when it was used to identify subclinically infected fish experimentally challenged with R. salmoninarum. However, PCR identified much higher numbers of kidney tissue and o...

We report here the genome sequences of three Flavobacterium psychrophilum strains causing a bacterial coldwater disease (BCWD) outbreak, isolated from infected rainbow trout from hatcheries in Montana and South Dakota. The availability of these virulent outbreak-causing strain genome sequences will help further understand the pathogenesis of BCWD.

The purpose of this toxicity test was to determine the reliability and comparability of Cu++ toxicity on Gammarus fasciatus. The study was conducted to compare toxicity results for Rainbow trout, Salmo ~airdneri Richardson, another coldwater poikilotherm. Since G. fasciatus comprises a major portion of the diet of many freshwater fishes, it can be stated to be an "important" species (PATRICK et...