We consider the well motivated model of the (standard) supersymmetric (SUSY) Fterm hybrid inflation (FHI) which can be realized close to the grand unification (GUT) scale. The predicted scalar spectral index ns cannot be smaller than 0.98 and can exceed unity including corrections from minimal supergravity (SUGRA), if the number of e-foldings corresponding to the pivot scale k∗ = 0.002/Mpc is a...

High hardening of the steel, which is caused by martensitic transformation through cold forming, leads to significant local elastic roll deformation (flattening). The rolling strain-hardened steel requires higher forces and torques, result in high force. Roll flattening can be reduced using rolls made a material with significantly modulus elasticity. suitability ceramic materials for modern hot...

Mn-containing (2 and 4 mass%) Al–Mn-based alloys were fabricated by high-speed twin-roll casting (HSTRC). Al–4 mass%Mn–1 mass%Si strips contained coarse particles in the central band of cast strips. Microstructure chemical analyses revealed that primarily Al6(MnFe) β-Al(MnFe)Si. These formed during solidification process residual liquid, which slowly cooled after strip exited roll gap HSTRC. Ho...

Advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) is a highly competitive material for the automobile industry to resolve challenge of weight reduction and passenger safety. Cold hot composite roll forming newly developed manufacturing technology, which aims overcome defects such as microcrack, severe work hardening, thickness reduction, large corner radius in traditional cold process AHSS. In this paper, ma...

Flatness measurement using shape-rolls has been used in cold rolling mills for a long time. The benefit is obvious since the measured flatness profile can be used directly to control roll bending, tilt and cooling profile. It was therefore integrated in the mill control system at an early stage to control the strip shape against a target I-unit profile. However, since the flatness is also affec...

V-Band Clamps are manufactured using a cold roll forming process consisting of six passes which plastically deform an initially flat strip by bending to produce the band’s V-section. In this paper a new method of validating numerically predicted plastic deformation in a cold formed metal strip is presented. Tensile testing of samples of the band’s material was used to obtain a direct link betwe...