Throughout the 1980s, reproductive success of the top-predator cod declined and stock sizes of the main prey species herring and especially sprat, important planktivorous predators in the system, increased substantially. Although the hydrographic conditions conducive for survival of early life stages improved during the 1990s, recruitment success of cod remained far below average. As clupeids h...

A photocatalytic reactor with UV/TiO2 was used for the posttreatment of olive mill wastewater after anaerobic digestion. A factorial experimental design was adopted to determine the statistical significance of each parameter tested, namely, initial chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, treatment time and recirculation flow and possible interactions in three response variables: phenols, color and CO...

Understanding how combinations of fishing effort and selectivity affect productivity is central to fisheries research. We investigate the roles of fishing regulation in comparison with ecosystem status for Baltic Sea cod stock productivity, growth performance, and population stability. This case study is interesting because three cod populations with different exploitation patterns and stock st...

BACKGROUND Anaerobic treatment methods are more suitable for the treatment of concentrated wastewater streams, offer lower operating costs, the production of usable biogas product. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of an Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor (AFBR)-Aerobic Moving Bed Bio Reactor (MBBR) in series arrangement to treat Currant wastewater. METHODS The bed materia...

The North Sea has warmed in recent years and there is an ongoing debate into how this is affecting the distribution of fishes and other marine organisms. Of particular interest is the commercially important Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.), which has declined sharply in abundance in the North Sea over the past 20 years. Observations of the temperature experienced by 129 individual cod throughout ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of various types of improper cause-of-death (COD) statements reported on death certificates and whether the frequency differed by specialty of the certifying physician. DESIGN Cross-sectional descriptive study. SETTING 2 medical centres in Tainan, Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2520 death certificates issued by 230 physicians. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ...

ÐThe need for readily biodegradable organic matter to support denitri®cation and enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) can be satis®ed using external or internal carbon sources. This paper examines the production and removal of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), mainly acetic acid, and other hydrolyzed products from sludge using hydrothermal treatment at subcritical (<3748C) and supercritical...

This paper examines the use of chemical or electrocoagulation treatment process followed by ion-exchange process of the textile dye effluent. The dye effluent was treated using polymeric coagulant (cationic dye-fixing agent) or electrocoagulation (iron and aluminum electrode) process under various conditions such as various current densities and effect of pH. Efficiencies of COD reduction, colo...

As a first step of treatment of landfill leachates (total COD – 1,430-3,810 mg/l, total nitrogen 90162 mg/l), a performance of laboratory UASB reactors has been investigated under mesophilic (30 C), sub-mesophilic (20 C) and psychrophilic (10 C) conditions. Under hydraulic retention times (HRT) of around 7 h, when the average organic loading rates (OLR) were around 5 g COD/l/day, the total COD ...

Reported herein is the synthesis of the previously unknown [Ir(1,5-COD)(μ-H)](4) (where 1,5-COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene), from commercially available [Ir(1,5-COD)Cl](2) and LiBEt(3)H in the presence of excess 1,5-COD in 78% initial, and 55% recrystallized, yield plus its unequivocal characterization via single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy, el...