Understanding Pakistan's greenhouse gas (GHG) emission status is critical for identifying the national targets GHG mitigation with respect to nationally determined contributions (NDCs). This study focuses on development of (CO2, CH4, and N2O) inventories agriculture, forestry other land use (AFOLU) waste sectors using 2006 IPCC Guidelines. should be seen as a direct continuation preceding one (...

Reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions has become a global consensus in response to global warming and climate change, especially to China, the largest CO2 emitter in the world. Most studies have focused on CO2 emissions from the production sector, however, the household sector plays an important role in the total energy-related CO2 emissions. This study formulates an integrated model based on...

To comply with recent international trends and initiatives, and in order to help achieve sustainable development, Korea has established a greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction target of 37% (851 million tons) of the business as usual (BAU) rate by 2030. Regarding environmentally-oriented standards such as the IGCC (International Green Construction Code), there are also rising demands for the ...

Future changes of pan-Arctic land–atmospheric methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) depend on how terrestrial ecosystems respond to warming climate. Here, we used a coupled hydrology–biogeochemistry model to make our estimates of these carbon exchanges with two contrasting climate change scenarios (no-policy versus policy) over the 21st century, by considering (1) a detailed water table dynami...

this work investigates the effect of the application rate and type of sludge throughout the soilcarbon cycle in a semiarid mediterranean agro-ecosystem. we study the two-year evolution of the variouspools of soil organic and inorganic carbon and their influence on soil respiration. we applied three rates (40, 80 and 160 mg/ha) of two types of sludge –aerobically and anaerobically digested sewag...

this study investigated different concepts for natural-gas-fired power plants with the co2capture, and compared them based on the net plant efficiency and emission of co2. the cycles were based ona six oxy-fuel, one post-combustion and two pre-combustion capture concept. this paper presented theresults of an environmental evaluation performed by the application of the life cycle analysis (lca) ...

Background: Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are increasing worldwide. They have harmful effects on human health, animals, and plants and play a major role in global warming and acid rain. Methods: This research investigated carbon dioxide (CO2) and CH4 emissions obtained from different parts of the Hakim Farabi, Dobal Khazaei, and Ramin factories which produce ethanol and yeast. Seasonal rates ...

BACKGROUND Fires emit significant amounts of CO2 to the atmosphere. These emissions, however, are highly variable in both space and time. Additionally, CO2 emissions estimates from fires are very uncertain. The combination of high spatial and temporal variability and substantial uncertainty associated with fire CO2 emissions can be problematic to efforts to develop remote sensing, monitoring, a...

The increase of greenhouse gases (GHG) in which CO2 emissions constitute the principal component, is of major environmental problems of all societies. Economic growth impels intensive use of resources and as a result, more residues and wastes thrown in the nature that could lead to environmental degradation. This article tries to trace the eventual relationship between trade openness and enviro...

Research activities generate considerable carbon emissions. Some universities and research centers have implemented voluntary measures to reduce academia's footprint. To contribute the debate on pathways decarbonize academic sector, this work calculates emissions of an international project in relation 1) research-related travel, 2) researchers' non-business travel derived from nature team, 3) ...