High amounts of waste paper are disposed of every year in Iran posing the health hazard and environmental damages instead of being recovered. Collection, recovery and proper disposal of waste paper without damaging the environment need to design an efficient closed-loop supply chain network. The main objective of this paper is introducing a bi-objective, multi-echelon, multi-product and single-...

In a global economy, an efficient supply chain as a main core competency empowers enterprises to provide products or services at the right time in the right quantity, at a low cost. This paper is to plan a single product, multi-echelon, multi-period closed loop supply chain for high-tech products (which have continuous price decrease). Ultimately, considering components rated to procurement, pr...

Logistics Network Design includes network configuration decisions having long-standing influences on other tactical and operational decisions. Recently, regarding environmental issues and customer awareness and global warming closed-loop supply chain network design is taken into consideration. The proposed network for the integrated forward and reverse logistics is developed by formulating a cy...

although lcl filters are used widely in the grid connected inverters to reduce high-orderharmonics, such a system increases system order and therefore sustainable design of closed-loopcontroller system will be complicated. recently, the single-loop control strategy has beensuggested for l or lc filter based grid-connected inverters. however, the use of single-loopcontrol directly in lcl filter-...

abstract background: the loop colostomy is one of the most popular techniques used as a protective maneuver for a distal anastomosis and/or temporary fecal diversion. we are introducing the use of a full thickness skin bridge under the large bowel instead of a glass rod which alleviates problems such as protrusion of the large bowel, retraction of the bowel into the abdomen after removing the r...

We consider the H∞ almost output synchronization and regulated output synchronization problem for heterogeneous directed networks with external disturbances where agents are introspective (i.e. agents have access to a part of their own state). A decentralized protocol is designed for each agent, without exchanging internal controller states with neighboring agents, to achieve output synchroniza...

Recent papers in the concept of Supply Chain Network Design (SCND) have seen a rapid development in applying the stochastic models to get closer to real-world applications. Regaring the special characteristics of each product, the stracture of SCND varies. In tire industry, the recycling and remanufacturing of scraped tires lead to design a closed-loop supply chain. This paper proposes a two-st...

In this paper, an efficient method is presented to control the attitude of a satellite with ON-OFF actuator. The main objective of this novel method is to control the amplitude of the limit cycle which commonly appears in the steady state of such systems; and at the same time by consideration of real actuator constraints, reduce the fuel consumption of system. The Proposed method is a combinati...

conclusions according to the findings of the current study, both open-loop and closed-loop neuromuscular control mechanisms altered in patients with cai. methods it was a case-control study. twenty-two subjects with unilateral cai and 22 healthy subjects stood on a force plate and initiated gait with maximal velocity under 2 conditions: i) planned (initiated gait after hearing the “all set” sig...