Seizures are believed to be a dose-dependent side effect of clozapine. In this case report, we describe a patient who had tonic-clonic seizures after using a low dose clozapine who did not have any seizure risk. The 29-year-old male patient had been followed-up with a diagnosis of schizophrenia for about 5 years. When using clozapine 200 mg/day he had a tonic-clonic seizure with bilateral diffu...

The differentiation of vasovagal syncope and epileptic seizure is sometimes problematic, since vasovagal syncope may mimic epileptic seizures in many ways. The present report describes a patient who had been diagnosed and treated as having epilepsy with medically-refractory seizures for 16 years. Often, unlike epileptic seizures, tonic-clonic convulsions and postictal confusion are uncommon fea...

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is a progressive disorder which also presents with various types of seizures, mainly myoclonic jerks, atonic attacks and tonic-clonic seizures. We report two cases, documented by video-EEG that during the course of the disease also presented with tonic seizures. The differential diagnosis of non-epileptic paroxysmal events might prove to be a problem.

Eclampsia is an extremely severe form of preeclampsia characterized by the sudden onset of generalized tonic clonic seizures. It may occur quite abruptly, without any warning manifestations. This is a case report where Mrs.X was normotensive throughout her pregnancy who underwent emergency cesarean section for cephalo pelvic disproportion and threw generalized tonic clonic seizures on the first...

Clozapine is the second-generation antipsychotic most frequently associated with seizures with risk varying from 1-5%. The seizure types are diverse, varying from generalized tonic-clonic subtype, partial, atonic or myoclonic jerks. Myoclonic and atonic subtypes are more likely to go unrecognized and have been shown to be a harbinger for further seizures of tonic-clonic variety. We report a cas...

PURPOSE Evaluate the efficacy of carbamazepine in the treatment of idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). METHOD The response of five patients with IGE, who experienced primarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures which were refractory to multiple antiepileptic drugs, is reported. RESULTS Carbamazepine controlled multiple seizure types and did not induce or increase the frequency of myocloni...

PURPOSE To characterize the interaction between tiagabine (TGB) and valproate (VPA)--two antiepileptic drugs in the mouse pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced clonic seizure model, type I isobolographic analysis for non-parallel dose-response relationship curves (DRRCs) was used. MATERIAL AND METHODS Clonic seizures were evoked in albino Swiss mice by subcutaneous injection of PTZ at its CD97 (10...

Tonic-clonic seizures represent a common pattern of epileptic discharges, yet the relationship between the various phases of the seizure remains obscure. Here we contrast propagation of the ictal wavefront with the propagation of individual discharges in the clonic phase of the event. In an in vitro model of tonic-clonic epilepsy, the afterdischarges (clonic phase) propagate with relative unifo...

A 31-year-old pregnant woman presented with headache, fever and left-sided focal motor seizures, which progressed to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures. Her medical history included Crohn's disease treated azathioprine adalimumab, were discontinued when she became pregnant. cerebro-spinal fluid was entirely normal viral PCR negative. Extensive testing for infectious, autoimmune or malignant causes...

Case presentation: Patient RSP, female, born full-term and without complications during pregnancy or perinatally. She presented her first episode of tonic-clonic at 5 months age, evolving with recurrent seizures variable frequency intensity, neuropsychomotor development (NPMD), tremors in the upper limbs precocious puberty. Brain MRI diffuse leukoencephalopathy associated volumetric reduction. ...