1. Introduction: As digital Integrated Circuits (ICs) are driven at higher and higher clock frequencies, the need for a better clock net routing scheme has become essential. For complex ASICs (or VLSI), circuit designers ensure proper timing by carefully planning and implementing the distribution of clocks throughout the circuit. This part of the design process is critical because poor clock di...

since the emergence of power market, the target of power generating utilities has mainly switched from cost minimization to revenue maximization. they dispatch their power energy generation units in the uncertain environment of power market. as a result, multi-stage stochastic programming has been applied widely by many power generating agents as a suitable tool for dealing with self-scheduling...

The guidelines for White Papers for Berkeley-Stanford CE&M workshop suggest deriving research needs from the practical needs of the industry. Generally, this is a sound approach. However, I would like to propose that at this particular moment, thinking in the opposite direction is as, or even more important. My vision is that during the next decade, the formation of a theory of construction wil...

The clock drawing test has been found to be sensitive to visual-spatial perception, graphomotor skills, verbal reasoning, and executive functioning in adult patient populations, as well as frontal lobe maturation in normal children. Our study is among the first to assess the use of clock drawing as a neuropsychological measure in the pediatric population. Participants included 41 children with ...

We address the problem of estimating the degree to which the evolutionary history of a set of molecular sequences violates a strong molecular clock hypothesis. We quantify this deviation formally, by defining the “stretch” of a model tree with respect to the underlying ultrametric tree (indicated by time). We then define the “minimum stretch” of a dataset for a tree and show how this can be com...