Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES) are rare, heterogeneous syndromes characterized by markedly elevated eosinophil counts in the blood and/or tissue and evidence of eosinophil-associated pathology. Although parasitic infections, drug hypersensitivity, and other disorders of defined etiology can present as HES (associated HES), treatment is directed at the underlying cause rather than the eosinop...

Simple means for detecting the presence of tumors when they are still small and localized would be of major clinical benefit. Various tumor mark­ ers have been found and methods are available for measuring them in the blood. The results of studies suggest that the tumor markers of promise include onco-fetal antigens, placental antigens, polypeptide hormones and exocrine secretion products. Some...

The pursuit of the ideal tumor marker has generated many tests for use in the diagnosis and management of cancer, several of which are now widely available. Tumor markers have five potential uses in patient care: They can be used for screening, for diagnosis, for establishing prognosis, for monitoring treatment, and for detecting relapse. The value of a marker in a given setting depends on two ...

UNLABELLED Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis (ML) can lead to serious sequela; however, early diagnosis can prevent complications. AIM To evaluate clinical markers for the early diagnosis of ML. MATERIALS AND METHODS A series study of 21 cases of ML, which were evaluated through clinical interview, nasal endoscopy, biopsy and the Montenegro test. RESULTS A skin scar and previous diagnosis of cu...

1 Department of Pharmacology and Pathobiology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Ridebanevej 9, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark. 2 Department of Chemical Endocrinology, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101 Geert Groteplein 10, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands. 3 Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Technical University of Muni...

Knowledge of the epidemiology of interstitial cystitis (IC), the burden of the disease in the population, and the identification of possible risk factors remains largely fragmentary. The most reliable information comes from the few population-based studies that have appeared in the literature over the past 25 years, but two major issues urgently need to be addressed by appropriate epidemiologic...

Inflammatory processes play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and mediate many of the stages of atheroma development from initial leukocyte recruitment to eventual rupture of the unstable atherosclerotic plaque. Elevated plasma levels of several markers of the inflammatory cascade have been shown to predict future risk of plaque rupture. These markers include P-selectin, int...

Pancreas cancer has the worst prognosis of any solid tumor but is potentially treatable if it is diagnosed at an early stage. Thus there is critical interest in delineating clinical and molecular markers of incipient disease. The currently available biomarker, CA 19-9, has an inadequate sensitivity and specificity to achieve this objective. Diabetes mellitus, tobacco use, and chronic pancreatit...

Moving in line with the postulation that metadiscourse (MD) markers help transform a dry and tortuous piece of text into a coherent and reader-friendly one, the researchers in the current study attempted to investigate the effect different metadiscourse markers might have on Iranian EFL learners’ perception of written texts. To this end, 120 undergraduate English students were given three diffe...

Metadiscourse is a widely used term in current discourse analysis and language education, referring to an interesting, and relatively new approach to conceptualizing interaction between text producers and their texts and between text producers and users. Despite the growing importance of the term, however, it is often understood in different ways and used to refer to different aspects of langua...