The Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity found host rocks of basaltic composition and alteration assemblages containing clay minerals at Yellowknife Bay, Gale Crater. On the basis of the observed host rock and alteration minerals, we present results of equilibrium thermochemical modeling of the Sheepbed mudstones of Yellowknife Bay in order to constrain the formation conditions of its second...

Use of soft clay soils in construction activities has faced many problems. Some improvement, stabilization, and reinforcement methods is required to use these soils in body of roads, sub-foundations and embankments. In this research, the effect of chitin nanofiber and rice husk ash as additives on the behavioral properties and bearing resistance of soft clay soils by considering the processing ...

To assess the environmental perturbation induced by the impact event that marks the Cretaceous–Tertiary (K–T) boundary, concentrations and isotopic compositions of bulk organic carbon were determined in sedimentary rocks that span the terrestrial K–T boundary at DogieCreek,Montana, and Brownie Butte,Wyoming in theWestern Interior of the United States. The boundary clays at both sites are not bo...

The 465 Ma Svarthopen pluton in northcentral Norway was emplaced under middle-crustal conditions (~700 MPa) into metasedimentary rocks of the Helgeland Nappe Complex. The pluton is characterized by zones of mingling and mixing of gabbro/ diorite with peraluminous, garnet-bearing biotite granite. Variation in bulk-rock Sr and Nd isotope ratios are consistent with simple mixing; however, nonunifo...

The distribution of Selenium (Se) in the Jurassic-Cretaceous Mist Mountain Formation of southeastern British Columbia was documented in a previous study by Ryan and Dittrick (2001). As part of that study, complete sections of rock types, including coal seams were sampled, as well as various materials segregated by mining such as coarse refuse and solid tailings from tailings ponds. Preliminary ...

Introduction: Water liquid has been considered to be main fluid in cold Mars, though major sources of liquid water are not clearly found on Martian surfaces. Recently author (Y.M.) found carbon-bearing grains on plagioclase composition in druses of terrestrial volcanic basalts in Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi, Japan [1], where many scientists have been reported as normal “plagioclases” formed at hydro...

Clay-rich fault rocks have long been recognized to host distinctive fabric elements, and fault rock fabric is increasingly thought to play a fundamental role in fault mechanical behaviour in the brittle regime. Although the geometries of fabric elements in fault gouges have been described for almost a century, the genesis and evolution of these elements during shear, and their links to bulk mec...

Distribution of radionuclides in the soil samples, Infra-red stimulated luminescence dating techniques, electrical conductivity, pH measurements and grain size analysis of soils of the region between the Ganga and Yamuna Rivers (in the Upper Gangetic plain) have been studied. Soil characteristics are highly sensitive to climate changes and the degree of soil development indicated by higher thic...