Modern systems-on-chip (SoCs) incorporate a large and growing number of specialized hardware units that must be integrated into a unified address space via a shared bus topology. This process is labor-intensive and error-prone because the interface requirements of all connected blocks must bemutually satisfied. The design productivity gains derived from the modularity of RISC-V are bottlenecked...

Poverty reduction and health became central in the agendas of Southern regional organisations in the last two decades. Yet, little is known about how these organisations address poverty, inclusion and social inequality, and how Southern regional formations are engaging in power constellations, institutions, processes, interests and ideological positions within different spheres of governance. T...

Three years ago, the Lancet's frontispiece stated "Health is now the most important foreign policy issue of our time" and last year, the Director-General of WHO, Margaret Chan, in her opening address, to the Executive Board at its 132nd Session said "health diplomacy works". The nascent field of health diplomacy provides a political framework which aims to deliver the dual goals of improved hea...

Science diplomacy is the use of scientific collaborations among nations to address the common problems facing 21(st) century humanity and to build constructive international partnerships. There are many ways that scientists can contribute to this process.

a Graduate Institute of International Studies, rue de Lausanne 132, CH-1211 Geneva 21, Switzerland. Correspondence to this author (email: [email protected]). b Swiss Federal Office of Public Health, Berne, Switzerland. c Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Manquinhas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Ref. No. 06-039222 (Submitted: 23 November 2006 – Accepted: 15 January 2007) Introduction “In the past” — said R...

The aim of this text is to review the research undertaken in Portugal on the question of the medieval royal chancellery and diplomacy and their relationship with the study of royal bureaucracy. In this sense, we characterize the lines of development that are to be noted in the research undertaken into political societies and royal power based on the records of the royal chancellery in the last ...