The isolation of phosphatidyl choline which contains all of its nitrogen as choline, phosphorus as glycerophosphate, and has a relatively high iodine number, has posed a problem for some time. The most widely used method has been that of Levene and Rolf (l), as modified by Pangborn (24), wherein this lipide is isolated through a cadmium chloride complex. Sinclair (5) has described a procedure f...

Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) considered as “green” solvents offer an efficient, safe, sustainable, and cost effective method alternative to conventional extraction while microwave assisted extraction (MAE) is a convenient, rapid, environmental friendly and efficient technique. The combination of NADESs with MAE was applied in this study for the recovery of phenolic compounds from oli...

A combination of the methods described by Schultz et al. (6) and by Ussing and Zerahn (9) was used to measure directly the unidirectional uptake of sodium from the outside solution into the frog skin, under short-circuit conditions. The sodium uptake was determined at six sodium concentrations ranging from 3.4 to 114 mM. NaCl was replaced by choline chloride in the solutions bathing both sides ...

Carassius auratus placed in a dilute sodium chloride solution (400 gM) is able to absorb sodium and chloride ions at very different rates, or to absorb one ion and to lose the other. This is the case not only for fish which have been previously kept in choline chloride or sodium sulfate solutions or deionized water, in order to stimulate their absorption processes, but also in control fish whic...

Acid hydrolysis of dehulled soybean meal (SBM) and corn gluten meal (CGM) followed by chromatographic amino acid analysis (ninhydrin detection) revealed substantial quantities of S-methylmethionine (SMM) in both ingredients (1.65 g SMM/kg SBM; 0.5 g SMM/kg CGM). Young chicks were used to quantify the methionine- (Met) and choline-sparing bioactivity of crystalline L-SMM, relative to L-Met and c...

The incorporation of [14C]choline chloride and [14C]glycerol into segments taken from rye (Secale cereale L., cv. Rheidal) roots was greater in segments from roots grown at 5 degrees C than in segments taken from roots growing at 20 degrees C. The incorporation was measured at the temperature at which the root had been growing. Measurements in vitro of the enzymes of the nucleotide pathway show...

We studied the transport of nitrogen mustard (HN2) by mouse hemopoietic and transplantable myeloma (Adj. PC-5 and MOPC 460D) stem cells, using gradients of tempera ture and choline chloride. Bone marrow and myeloma cells were exposed to HN2 in culture at various temperatures, washed, and tested for colony-forming efficiency. The protective effect of lowered temperatures was similar for normal m...

During perfusion of a plasma-like solution, colonic absorption rate of chloride was much higher than the secretion rate of bicarbonate (34 vs. 3.5 meq/h, respectively). This might suggest that anion exchange (Cl/HCO3) accounts for only a small fraction of total chloride absorption. However, if the colon absorbs as well as secretes bicarbonate, this reasoning would underestimate the magnitude of...

This research report related to nano-sized particles of tetragonal rutile phase TiO2. We havesuccessfully synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles, by chemical method non-toxic and bio-safe, at lower than 100°C. This method is simple, economic and friendly for environmentally and suitable for large scale grains. Using of choline chloride, to decrease the size of commercial TiO2 by chemical method. ...

In this study, the solubility of CO2 in DEA in the presence and absence of choline chloride was reported at different temperatures of 276.15, 298.15, 313.15, and 333.15 K, and pressure range of 4-15 bar. The solubility of CO2 was evaluated using the pressure decay method in a batch isochoric stirred absorption cell. Also, the design of experiments performed with Qualitek-4 software using the Ta...