Caveats: There are ways to do model selection on the training set (using marginal likelihoods, or learning theory bounds), but these should be carefully justified. Sometimes, after making all model choices, you might fold the validation set into the training set, and retrain your best system before final testing. But by default you should not train on the validation set, so you can still use it...

Translating into morphologically rich languages is difficult. Although the coverage of lemmas may be reasonable, many morphological variants cannot be learned from the training data. We present a statistical translation system that is able to produce these inflected word forms. Different from most previous work, we do not separate morphological prediction from lexical choice into two consecutiv...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and consumer preferences of calorie labeling on menus. DESIGN Between-group experiment. Participants were randomized to view menu items according to 1 of 4 experimental conditions: no calorie information, calorie-only information, calorie plus health statement (HS), and calorie plus the Physical Activity Scale. Participants selected a snack and then rated me...

In some circumstances, random testing methods are more practical than any alternative, because information is lacking to make reasonable systematic test-point choices. This paper examines some situations in which random testing is indicated and discusses issues and difficulties with conducting the random tests. Category and Subject Descriptor: D.2.5 Software engineering, Testing and debugging G...

BACKGROUND With the availability of more healthcare courses and an increased intake of nursing students, education institutions are facing challenges to attract school leavers to enter nursing courses. The comparison of career choice influences and perception of nursing among healthcare students can provide information for recruitment strategies. An instrument to compare the influences of healt...