This study evaluates the performance of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF-CW) for the removal of chlorinated resin and fatty acids (RFAs) from pulp and paper mill wastewater. The dimensions of the treatment system were 3.5 m x 1.5 m x 0.28 m with surface area of 5.25 m, filled with fine sand and gravel. The cell was planted with an ornamental plant species Canna indica. The r...

The uptake, distribution, and exchange of chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides (dieldrin and chlordecone) and biphenyls (2,4,5-2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl and 3-chlorobiphenyl) among human lipoproteins was examined by fluorescence quenching, gel filtration, and ultrafiltration. The chlorinated hydrocarbons were rapidly taken up from solution or silica particles by lipoproteins. The distribution...

Phenols are an important group of organic pollutants present in many industrial effluents such as petro-chemicals, textiles, tanneries; gasification units etc. The phenols should not exceed 0.01μg/l, 1mg/l in drinking & in industrial waters, respectively. But in most of the cities the situation is alarming where the phenol concentrations are more often crossed 8–10 ppm. For removal of the exces...

‘IT0STUDY PROTEIN METABOLISM with special reference to tyrosine as well as to study the deranged metabolism of aromatic compounds in phenylketonuria and similar disorders, quantitative determination of urinary phenols is desirable. Volterra (1) measured three phenolic fractions in the urine by distillation. Phenols have been measured quantitatively after ethyl acetate extraction by Bray and Tho...

Many phenols have carcinogenic activity. The Estonian shale oils contain up to 40 vol % phenols. The promoting activity after initiation of phenols of Estonian shale oils was tested in mice with a single subthreshold dose (0.36 mg) of benzo(a)pyrene. C57Bl and CC57Br mice were used in skin painting experiments. Weak carcinogenic activity was found in the total crude water-soluble phenols recove...

Experimental studies of the "extended toxicity" of substituted phenols are mainly of two types: the toxicity due to phenoxyl radical formation and the toxicity caused by metabolites, for example, the formation of quinones. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies of phenol toxicity have dealt with the formation of phenoxyl radicals using bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE) of pa...

The procedure used to determine polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated terphenyls (PCTs), chlorinated dibenzodioxins, and chlorinated dibenzofurans is outlined in Table 1. It is based on the cleanup-chromatography of Holden and Marsden (1), modified as described (2). Most PCBs are eluted in fraction I. Fraction II contains some PCBs, p ,p'-DDE, and PCTs, whereas heptachlor exposide, ...

Wide distribution of chlorinated paraffins in the environment has already been demonstrated in several studies; however, information about their levels in the Central Europe is still very limited. First study focused on the SCCP contamination of the Czech aquatic environment have been performed recently, and its results motivated the authors to analyze sediments from a wide set of the Czech riv...

Potentiodynamic investigations on a platinum electrode show that oxidation of phenol, monochlorophenols, dichlorophenols, 2,3,6-, 2,4,5-, 2,4,6-trichlorophenols, and pentachlorophenol in 1 M NaOH solution, containing 1 mM of phenols, proceeds in the potential region of Pt oxide formation. The oxidation rate of phenols decreases with the increase in the number of chlorine atoms in the benzene ri...