OBJECTIVE 1) Assessment of the frequency of contact sensitization to selected excipients of dermatological topical preparations and cosmetics in patients with chronic eczema. 2) Detection of the sources of sensitization. METHODS 1,927 patients with chronic eczema (mean age 44.3 years, 601 males, 1,326 females) were patch tested with selected excipients. RESULTS The main rates of sensitizati...

BACKGROUND The formation of biofilms is crucial in the pathogenesis of many acute and subacute microbial infections, including chronic wounds and foreign-body-related infections. Topical antimicrobial therapy with chemical antiseptics or physical treatment with tissue-tolerable plasma (TTP) may be promising to control bacterial infection. METHODS We assessed the efficacy of 0.1% chlorhexidine...

Background The formation of biofilm on the tooth surface is a result of the process of colonization of cariogenic bacteria, especially Streptococcus mutans, the main responsible for cariogenic (acid production) of dental biofilms [1]. The removal and chemical control of dental biofilm with chlorhexidine digluconate 0.12% (CLX) has been the most effective antimicrobial agent of choice clinic. Ho...

Vascular catheters are a major cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections. ChloraLock (ATTWILL Medical Solutions, Inc, West Jordan, UT, and ICU Medical, Inc, San Clemente, CA) is a novel antimicrobial device containing chlorhexidine digluconate (CHG) that is fitted onto a syringe and infuses CHG into the catheter lumen during locking. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobia...

This study was conducted to investigate the susceptibility of the biofilm cells of Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Staphylococcus aureus to some cleaning detergents and sanitizers. No weakly acidic, neutral, and weakly alkaline detergent could remove the biofilm bacteria from stainless steel chips at commonly used concentrations recommended by manufacturers. Among sanitizers,...

The aim of this study was to validate a model of S. mutans biofilm formation, which simulated 'feast-famine' episodes of exposure to sucrose that occur in the oral cavity, showed dose-response susceptibility to antimicrobials and allowed the evaluation of substances with anticaries potential. S. mutans UA159 biofilms were grown for 5 days on bovine enamel slabs at 37 degrees C, 10% CO2. To vali...

Environmental staphylococcal contamination was investigated by culture of 400 automated teller machines (ATMs). Isolates were characterized for antibiotic and antiseptic susceptibility, carriage of antiseptic resistance genes (QAC genes), and spa types. MRSA, which was similar to local clinical isolates, was present on two (0·5%) of the 62 (15·5%) ATMs that yielded Staphylococcus aureus. QAC ge...

Materials and methods: A 4-L pool of swine oral fluid was collected from 16week-old finisher pigs. To ensure uniform, quantifiable levels of virus and antibody over time, 4 mL of PRRSV isolate ISU-P containing 1 × 1012 RNA copies per mL and 10 mL of concentrated hyperimmune anti-PRRSV antibodies were added to the pool. The pool was then divided into three equal portions: no treatment, chlorhexi...