We report on the case of two young patients with type I Arnold-Chiari malformation (ACM), as revealed by a central sleep apnoea (CSA) syndrome without any other neurological defect. Case 1 was a 14-yr-old male patient, who developed severe alveolar hypoventilation and needed long-term mechanical ventilation via a tracheostomy. Case 2 was a 39-yr-old male patient, who developed features suggesti...

PURPOSE Although different types of headache have been described in Chiari malformation type I, reports of cluster-like headaches are rare. CASE REPORT We report a 26-year-old man who presented with a two-week history of excruciating headache in the right temporal region after coughing, which was accompanied by autonomic features including right-sided nasal congestion and tearing from his rig...

The pathogenesis of most cases of syringomyelia remains obscure although a modification of the hydrodynamic theory of Gardner allows a logical surgical approach to treatment. Data are presented confirming a high incidence of traumatic birth in patients with syringomyelia who have a Chiari malformation or basal arachnoiditis, but demonstrating no increase in traumatic birth in patients with the ...

Type I Chiari malformations consist of herniation of the cerebellar tonsils through the foremen magnum and present with a variety of symptoms and signs described previously but hemiathrophy of extremities and hypothalamic hypogonadism are not characteristic findings. Hemiathrophy of extremities has been reported in just one case, and to our knowledge hypothalamic hypogonadism has not been repor...

Tonsil motion was measured with cine MR imaging in patients clinically suspected of having Chiari I malformation. Cardiac-gated sagittal 2D fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition (2D FIESTA) was performed in 11 patients with a Chiari I malformation and in 6 subjects without tonsil ectopia. Tonsil motion was measured through the cardiac cycle with a pixel-shift program designed for that...

Diagnosis and treatment of CMI is undergoing reexamination that includes redefinition of the anatomic Chiari malformation and refinement and redefinition of the clinical syndrome. Children with SMI present with head pain of some kind, a neurologic deficit, or with signs of spinal cord dysfunction from syrinx. Some will present with no clinical syndrome at all. Presence of anatomic Chiari malfor...