Chitin nanofibers are prepared from the exoskeletons of crabs and prawns, squid pens and mushrooms by a simple mechanical treatment after a series of purification steps. The nanofibers have fine nanofiber networks with a uniform width of approximately 10 nm. The method used for chitin-nanofiber isolation is also successfully applied to the cell walls of mushrooms. Commercial chitin and chitosan...

The feasibility of calcium carbonate cements involving the recrystallisation of metastable calcium carbonate varieties has been demonstrated. Calcium carbonate cement compositions presented in this paper can be prepared straightforwardly by simply mixing water (liquid phase) with two calcium carbonate phases (solid phase) which can be easily obtained by precipitation. An original cement composi...

This review describes the progress of the development of surface chemical reactions for themodification of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) and the fabrication of surface chemical gradients. Various chemical reactions can be carried out on SAMs to introduce new functionalities. “Click” reactions, which are highly efficient and selective, have largely contributed to the development and implement...

Highand low-speed rotary dental handpieces have been used for a long time in restorative dentistry for cavity preparation. However, problems inherent to conventional burs, such as noise, heat and vibration, have led to the development of new dental burs, such as the chemical vapor deposition diamond-coated bur. Its advantages are many, such as less noise, less pain for the patient, precise cutt...

The favorable nuclear properties of rhenium-188 for therapeutic application are described, together with new methods for the preparation of high yield and stable 188Re radiopharmaceuticals characterized by the presence of the nitride rhenium core in their final chemical structure. 188Re is readily available from an 188W/188Re generator system and a parallelism between the general synthetic proc...

A synthetic antigen containing the presumed receptor site for wheat-germ agglutinin (a lectin capable of specifically agglutinating tumor cells) elicits an immune response in mice capable of cross-reacting with receptor sites for wheat-germ agglutinin on tumor-cell surfaces. Mice immunized against the antigen in complete Freund's adjuvant are able to reject five times as many transplanted myelo...

In this manuscript, we report the impact of students’ usage of a simulator in the preparation of chemical engineers. This case study was conducted using content pretest and posttests, survey questionnaires, interviews, classroom observations, and an analysis of students’ written response to design problems. Results showed the use of simulator was associated with increases in students’ scores, b...

ACP (amorphous calcium phosphate) and DCPD (dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, or Brushite) powders were high energy dry ball milled at a 1:1 ratio for 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, or 24 hours to produce a variety of powders for use as calcium phosphate cements (CPC). A 1:1 blend of powders not subjected to milling was used as baseline material (control). Physicochemical and mechanical characterization was perf...