An on-ground measurement of dust-particle residual charges in the afterglow of a dusty plasma was performed in a rf discharge. An upward thermophoretic force was used to balance the gravitational force. It was found that positively charged, negatively charged, and neutral dust particles coexisted for more than 1 min after the discharge was switched off. The mean residual charge for 200-nm-radiu...

An on-ground measurement of dust particle residual charges in the afterglow of a dusty plasma was performed in a rf discharge. An upward thermophoretic force was used to balance the gravitational force. It was found that positively-charged, negatively-charged and neutral dust particles coexisted for more than one minute after the discharge was switched off. The mean residual charge for 200 nm r...

The problem of determining the radiation reaction force experienced by a scalar charge moving in flat spacetime is investigated. A consistent renormalization procedure is used, which exploits the Poincaré invariance of the theory. Radiative parts of Noether quantities carried by massive scalar field are extracted. Energy-momentum and angular momentum balance equations yield Harish-Chandra equat...

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the retailer’s optimal replenishment policy under permissible delay in payments within the economic order quantity (EOQ) framework. Previously published articles dealing with optimal order quantity with permissible delay in payments assumed that the supplier only offers the retailer single trade credit period. In fact, most suppliers frequently o...

The competition between chemical equilibrium, for example protonation, and physical interactions determines the molecular organization and functionality of biological and synthetic systems. Charge regulation by displacement of acid-base equilibrium induced by changes in the local environment provides a feedback mechanism that controls the balance between electrostatic, van der Waals, steric int...

A two-dimensional dust crystal levitated in the sheath of a modified Gaseous Electronics Conference (GEC) reference cell is manipulated by heating or cooling the lower electrode. The dust charge is obtained from top-view pictures of the crystal using a previously developed analytical model. By assuming a simple force balance, and measuring the radial confining force, the vertical electric field...

The recent penetration of renewable sources in the energy system caused a transformation of the needs of the distribution system and amplified the need of energy storage systems to properly balance the electricity grid. Among electrochemical energy storage devices, all vanadium flow batteries are those of the most promising technologies due to their high efficiency, long lifetime, reliability a...

We show that higher-order vacuum polarization would contribute a measureable net charge to atoms, if the charges of electrons and positrons do not balance precisely. We obtain the limit |Q e + Q ¯ e | < 10 −18 e for the sum of the charges of electron and positron. This also constitutes a new bound on certain violations of PCT invariance.

Poly[1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane(2+) [hepta-mu-sulfido-trisulfidohexaantimony(III)]], {(C10H26N4)[Sb6S10]}n, consists of novel [Sb6S10]2- layers containing Sb2S2, Sb4S4 and Sb7S7 hetero-rings, which are separated by macrocyclic amine molecules. The macrocyclic amine molecules are disordered over two crystallographically distinct positions and are diprotonated in order to balance the charg...

Balancing battery cells is a key task for battery management systems (BMS). Imbalances of cells decrease the capacity and lifetime of the battery pack. Many balancing topologies and strategies have been proposed to balance the electric charges among cells and most of the intelligent control strategies select cells (to shuttle charges) by comparing their terminal voltages. However, the nature of...