There can be many reasons for engineers to place the footings near a slope such as leakage of suitable sites or architectural considerations. One of the approaches to increase the amount of bearing capacity, especially in soft soils, is adding stone columns to the soil. In this research, the behavior of a strip footing placed near a stone column reinforced clayey slope was investigated. For thi...

Tropospheric NO2 columns: a comparison between model and retrieved data from GOME measurements A. Lauer1, M. Dameris1, A. Richter2, and J. P. Burrows2 1DLR Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 Wessling, Germany 2Institut für Umweltphysik, Universität Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany Received: 31 October 2001 – Accepted: 23 November 2001 – Published: 13 December 2001 Corr...

Electron plasma columns continuously injected into a Malmberg-Penning trap display a rich evolution. Electrons emitted from an illuminated photocathode are trapped in the electrostatic well formed by the negatively biased photocathode and the trap end cylinder. Initially, the injections form cylinders of uniform density. As the density increases, the columns hollow in an attempt to match the po...

This paper reviews the main modeling techniques for stone columns, both ordinary stone columns and geosynthetic-encased stone columns. The paper tries to encompass the more recent advances and recommendations in the topic. Regarding the geometrical model, the main options are the "unit cell", longitudinal gravel trenches in plane strain conditions, cylindrical rings of gravel in axial symmetry ...

&Waxes. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. Recent Trends in Flavour Evaluation of Spices Newer Trends in Essential Oils and Flavours (1991) New Delhi, India: Tata MacGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Svendsen and Scheffer (1985) Essential Oils and Aromatic Plants. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Junk Publishers. Sweig G and Sherma J (1984)CRCHandbook of Chromatography, Terpenoids, vol. 1. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Pre...

"Column," like "gene," has both conceptual and linguistic shortcomings. The simple question "what is a column" is not easy to answer and the word itself is not easy to replace. In the present article, I have selected five points, in no way comprehensive or canonical, but which may nevertheless serve as a prompt and aid for further discussions and re-evaluation. These are: that anatomical column...

a subject of the investigation is the behavior of concrete and reinforced concrete columns under different loading conditions. the experimental study comprised a great number of tests on hinged - end columns with slenderness ratio within 35 and 155 subjected to both short and long - time loads applied at different eccentricities. the strength of concrete and the steel percentage varied in a wid...

Since columns are the most important elements of the structures, failure of one column in a critical location can cause a progressive collapse. In this respect, the repair and strengthening of columns is a very important subject to reduce the building failure and to keep the columns capacity. Twenty columns with different parameters is tested and analysis. Eleven typical confined reinforced con...

The squirrel monkey is the only primate reported to lack ocular dominance columns. Nothing anomalous about the visual capacity of squirrel monkeys has been found to explain their missing columns, leading to the suggestion that ocular dominance columns might be "an epiphenomenon, not serving any purpose" (Livingstone et al., 1995). Puzzled by the apparent lack of ocular dominance columns in squi...