Human bones decrease in quality and increase in porosity beginning at about the third decade of life. The aim of this study was to establish an equation to predict the maxillary and mandibular linear vertical resorption potential for elderly edentulous patients on the basis of the analysis of the cervical vertebrae in a single cephalometric radiograph. The morphology of the bodies of the third ...

The necks of the sauropod dinosaurs reached 15 m in length: six times longer than that of the world record giraffe and five times longer than those of all other terrestrial animals. Several anatomical features enabled this extreme elongation, including: absolutely large body size and quadrupedal stance providing a stable platform for a long neck; a small, light head that did not orally process ...

The shapes of cervical (C1-C7) and upper thoracic (T1, T2) vertebrae from the rat and the grey-headed flying fox have been analysed by Fourier analysis to investigate the types of variation present and to try to isolate bones according to position along the vertebral column and species. It was found that the T2 vertebrae of the rat are very different from all others in the study, that C2 and C6...

Anatomical variants of the cervical part of the human spine were investigated. Morphological variants were studied on 100 cervical vertebrae (37 female and 63 male). The greatest variability was demonstrated by the first cervical vertebra or atlas. The presence of some accessory bony arches embracing the vertebral artery was observed, namely the posterior bridge restraining the arcuate foramen ...

The vertebrate nuchal ligament is a large elastic structure in the dorsal cervical midline between the occiput, the cervical vertebrae and the cranial thoracic spinous processes, which helps to support the head and neck of the horse (Gellman and Bertram, 2002a). The nuchal ligament consists of funicular (cord-like) and lamellar (sheet-like) parts (Dyson, 2003; Gellman and Bertram, 2002a). The f...

Cervical vertebrae shape has been proposed as a diagnostic factor for assessing skeletal maturation in orthodontic patients, while Chronologic age is considered a poor indicator of adolescent development. The aim of the study was to correlate the chronologic age with maturational changes in cervical vertebral morphology. The study was conducted on 100 patients (36 males and 64 females) in the a...

For preoperative planning and intraoperative support, segmentation of soft tissue structures from the cervical region is a prerequisite. Main activities have been started in the past to segment vertebrae from CT images. But soft tissue structures have been neglected. There is only little research work about segmentation of the spinal chord and the trachea, however as far as we know there is no ...

The vertebral column is situated in the median line, as the posterior part of the trunk. It (backbone) consists of a series of 26 individual irregular bones called vertebrae, separated by fibrocartilaginous intervertebral discs and are secured to each other by interlocking processes and binding ligaments. There are 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 fused sacral, and 4-5 fused coccygeal verte...