Internet romance fraud (IRF) is an international crime which has great consequences for individuals, businesses and nations. This emerging based on a romantic love relationship over the internet between victim (with intention) offender with criminal intention. Offenders recruit victims from dating sites sole intention of defrauding these by deception. study surveyed 320 respondents validated ho...

the applicability of executing the qiṣāṣ punishment through donation of organs is a novel topic and at the same time influential in safeguarding the blessings of human health and life. the legitimacy of this procedure requires delving into legal views and opinions. the renowned majority of imāmī jurists believe that the procedure of executing punishment in blood-vengeance has no topicality (rel...

Previous studies suggest that distorted representations of reality on television can lead to distorted perceptions of reality among viewers. In this study, 322 individuals in Austria reported their weekly television consumption and whether they believe that there is active practice of capital punishment in Austria, which has been abolished since 1968. The more television participants watched, t...

This research explores the possibility that changes in attitude certainty can affect general self-certainty and, thus, have consequences that extend beyond the attitude domain. Across two studies, attitude certainty is manipulated using repeated attitude expression and attitude consensus paradigms. The implications of these manipulations are tested for feelings of general self-uncertainty (Stud...

The purpose of this article is to apply theory and research on attitude certainty to the study of the self. Our main goal is to show that research on attitudes, and in particular attitude certainty, can provide useful insights into self-related phenomena. By considering research on attitudes, we may be able to re-interpret previous self-related findings, make new predictions regarding the self,...