BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is an established cause of stroke in young patients without other determined etiologies (ie, cryptogenic stroke). The additional presence of atrial septum aneurysm (ASA) possibly increases stroke risk, but it remains undetermined which factors best predict thromboembolism in patients with PFO. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) may help to disting...

Introduction. Currently, despite the introduction of modern diagnostic algorithms in 20-40 % patients with ischemic stroke, it is not possible to establish its cause. Potential causes acute cerebral ischemia cryptogenic stroke include paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, patent foramen ovale, cardiomyopathy, carotid network, aortic arch atheroma, and cancer-associated thrombophilia. Target : systema...

Acute cerebral ischemia is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity with age-adjusted incidence rate accounting for around 200 cases per 100,000 population/years [1]. Ischemic stroke may manifest in the form of thrombotic stroke, embolic stroke, systemic hypoperfusion or venous thrombosis [2]. If hemodynamic instability is severe and prolonged, it may produce focal as well as diffus...

BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke is being increasingly recognized as a possible cause of spontaneous isolated convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). However, it is a much less established cause of cisternal, aneurysmal-like SAH. Only 3 case reports of concomitant cisternal SAH and perforator infarcts exist in the literature, raising the possibility of perforating artery rupture as a potential mecha...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Asymptomatic cerebral emboli can be detected using transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD). These embolic signals have potential as a marker of stroke risk and as a surrogate marker to evaluate antiplatelet agents. Small studies have demonstrated that they predict the combined endpoint of stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA), but no studies have shown that they predic...

Myxoma may cause systemic embolization and frequently presents as ischemic stroke. There has been debates whether it is safe to use recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in patients with cardiac myxoma who are presented with ischemic stroke at emergency department. we describe a young case of atrial myxoma with initial presentation of acute cerebral infarction symptoms who was treate...

Zinc is prevalent in the mammalian central nervous system and its role in ischemic brain injury is still controversial. In the present study, the effect of zinc in ischemic brain injury was examined in an embolic model of stroke in rats. Furthermore, the effect of zinc in combination with bicuculline, a GABAa antagonist, was also examined in the ischemic injury. Treatment with zinc or zinc plus...

Five percent to 15% of patients with carotid territory transient ischemic attacks or cerebral infarctions have complete occlusion of the internal carotid artery. Their risk of recurrent stroke during the next 2 years while on medical therapy is 5% to 9% per year for all stroke and 2% to 8% per year for ipsilateral ischemic stroke. Debate on the best means to prevent recurrence has centered on w...

Five percent to 15% of patients with carotid territory transient ischemic attacks or cerebral infarctions have complete occlusion of the internal carotid artery. Their risk of recurrent stroke during the next 2 years while on medical therapy is 5% to 9% per year for all stroke and 2% to 8% per year for ipsilateral ischemic stroke. Debate on the best means to prevent recurrence has centered on w...

background: the aim of this study is to determine the frequency of intracranial artery stenosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke in iran. methods: a total of 169 patients with acute ischemic stroke were eligible to participate and were enrolled in this study from january 2012 to february 2013. all the patients were admitted to the nemazee ‎hospital, affiliated to shiraz university of medi...