BACKGROUND A slow respiration-related rhythm strongly shapes the activity of the olfactory bulb. This rhythm appears as a slow oscillation that is detectable in the membrane potential, the respiration-related spike discharge of the mitral/tufted cells and the bulbar local field potential. Here, we investigated the rules that govern the manifestation of membrane potential slow oscillations (MPSO...

BACKGROUND Substituting galactose for glucose in cell culture media has been suggested to enhance mitochondrial metabolism in a variety of cell lines. We studied the effects of carbohydrate availability on growth, differentiation and metabolism of C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We measured growth rates, ability to differentiate, citrate synthase and respiratory c...

The respiration of pear fruit (Pyrus communis L. Passe Crassane) cells was monitored after subculture into an auxin-free, mannitol-enriched medium in which the cells remained viable but did not grow. Respiration rates were affected by the presence or absence of sucrose in the medium even though the cells retained reserves of sucrose and starch. Provided the medium contained respirable carbohydr...

The most immediate effect of anaerobic soil conditions on plants is a reduction in aerobic respiration in roots. Root cells switch to anaerobic respiration which is much less efficient than aerobic respiration. Under normal aerobic conditions 30 to 32 mol ATP are produced per hexose sugar by oxidative phosphorylation, citric acid cycle and glucolysis, whereas at anoxic conditions only 2 mol ATP...

Cytochrome c is a key molecule in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. It also plays a pivotal role in cell respiration. The switch between these two functions occurs at the moment of its release from mitochondria. This process is therefore extremely relevant for the fate of the cell. Since cytochrome c mediates respiration, we studied the changes in respiratory chain activity during the early stag...

abstract: the new neonatal ventilation methods have been developed along with utilization of new technological tools.this device is synchronized with the patient’s respiratory efforts. the ideal synchronized breath needs to be synchronous with initiation, size, and termination of the breath without delay in detecting of initial resiratory effort by device .the synchrony of respiration contribut...

1. A study has been made of the oxygen consumption of kidney homogenates in relation to the ADP concentration as regulated by the cell-membrane adenosine triphosphatase. Stimulation of this enzymic activity by Na+ and K+ caused parallel increases in oxygen consumption and ADP concentration. Similarly, inhibition with ouabain caused a parallel fall. The membrane adenosine triphosphatase concerne...

To clarify the role of mitochondrial electron transport chain (mtETC) in heavy-metal-induced neurotoxicity, we studied action of Cd(2+), Hg(2+), and Cu(2+) on cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species formation, respiratory function, and mitochondrial membrane potential of rat cell line PC12. As found, the metals produced, although in a different way, dose- and time-dependent change...

Nitric oxide (NO), generated endogenously in NO-synthase-transfected cells, increases the reduction of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) at O2 concentrations ([O2]) above those at which it inhibits cell respiration. Thus, in cells respiring to anoxia, the addition of 2.5 microM L-arginine at 70 microM O2 resulted in reduction of CcO and inhibition of respiration at [O2] of 64.0+/-0.8 and...