Electrical high frequency stimulation is used as treatment for motoricas well as psychomotoric disorders in various regions of the brain. The biochemical mechanisms of the action of high frequency stimulation underlying the effective results are unclear. Previous studies have demonstrated that electrical 130 Hz stimulation was capable of increasing local γaminobutyric acid outflow in the rat ca...

Abstract Background Stroke in children easily causes long-term dysfunction. Whether the prognoses of motor and anxiety disorders are related to affected stroke area has not been reported. Methods One hundred nine cases with ischaemic were reviewed divided into three groups: lenticular nucleus lesions only (lenticular group), caudate head (caudate thalamus (thalamus group). Overall prognosis was...

The basal ganglia as a whole are broadly responsible for sensorimotor coordination, including response selection and initiation. However, it has become increasingly clear that regions of the basal ganglia are functionally delineated along corticostriatal lines, and that a modular conception of the respective functions of various nuclei is useful. Here we examine the specific role of the caudate...

Studies of visual discrimination reversal learning have revealed striking neurochemical dissociations at the level of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) with serotoninergic, but not dopaminergic, integrity being important for successful reversal learning. These findings have considerable implications for disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder and schizophrenia, in which reversal learning i...

Despite the involvement of subcortical brain structures in the pathogenesis of chronic pain and persistent pain as the defining symptom of knee osteoarthritis (KOA), little attention has been paid to the morphometric measurements of these subcortical nuclei in patients with KOA. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential morphological abnormalities of subcortical brain structures in ...

IMPORTANCE Hemispheric specialization of the human brain is a marker of successful neurodevelopment. Altered brain asymmetry that has been repeatedly reported in schizophrenia may represent consequences of disrupted neurodevelopment in the disorder. However, a complete picture of functional specialization in the schizophrenic brain and its connectional substrates is yet to be unveiled. OBJECT...