During the electrochemical analysis or disposal of most of phenolic compounds, insulated polymeric substrates are created and cover the electrode surface. This can cause the signal current to decay over time, which is called electrode fouling or electrode passivation. This paper describes a model based on the potential drop across the fouling layer that is helpful for deeper understanding of th...

We report on the marine fouling and fouling release effects caused by variations of surface mechanical properties and microtopography of engineering polymers. Polymeric materials were covered with hierarchical micromolded topographical patterns inspired by the shell of the marine decapod crab Myomenippe hardwickii. These micropatterned surfaces were deployed in field static immersion tests. PDM...

Optimization of evaporators with respect to fouling will lead to an increase in runtime and production capacity. Unfortunately optimization processes are often trial-and-error based because the exact mechanism and rate of fouling are not known. This makes the optimization process inefficient and results are often sub-optimal. In order to improve the optimization process a predictive model was d...

A filtration devise was developed to assess compressibility of fouling layers in membrane bioreactors. The system consists of a flat sheet membrane with air scouring operated at constant transmembrane pressure to assess the influence of pressure on resistance of fouling layers. By fitting a mathematical model, three model parameters were obtained; a back transport parameter describing the kinet...

Fouling behavior along the length of membrane module was systematically investigated by performing simple modeling and lab-scale experiments of forward osmosis (FO) membrane process. The flux distribution model developed in this study showed a good agreement with experimental results, validating the robustness of the model. This model demonstrated, as expected, that the permeate flux decreased ...

Crude refinery preheat trains (PHTs) are a major part of a refining process as these units reduce the amount of thermal energy required to heat the crude oil to its distillation temperature. Fouling is a longstanding problem in the operation of PHTs; the ability of a refinery to process different crude blends or to increase its production capacity depends on the thermal and hydraulic performanc...

Vessel traffic is the primary pathway for non-indigenous marine species introductions to New Zealand, with hull fouling recognised as being an important mechanism. This article describes hull fouling on seven slow-moving commercial vessels sampled over a 1 year period. Sampling involved the collection of images and fouling specimens from different hull locations using a standardised protocol de...

Membrane fouling is the bottleneck that restricts the sustainability of membrane technology for environmental applications. Therefore, the development of novel analytical tools for characterizing membrane fouling processes is essential. In this work, we demonstrate a capability of probing the chemical structure of foulants and detecting their 3-dimentional spatial distribution on membranes base...

Biofouling of ship’s internal seawater systems can have serious implications for performance, continuing operational capability and crew habitability. Internal seawater piping systems and intakes are prone to heavy fouling pressure due to the relative inaccessibility and complexity of these systems. Fouling control in internal systems is optimally maintained by the installation and operation of...

A laboratory-scale submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAnMBR) treating sewage was used to investigate the membrane fouling mechanism. Characterization of cake layer formed on membrane surface showed that cake layer was hydrated, rich of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and negative charged with the charge density of 0.21-0.46 meq/kg MLSS. Detailed analysis revealed a new membrane ...