Chlorpromazine is a classical neuroleptic drug which produces both therapeutic effects as well as unwanted side effects in human such as sedation, autonomic, endocrine and neurological effects. It is thought that blockade of dopamine D-2 receptors caused by chlorpromazine induces these untoward side effects. Pre-clinical studies on catalepsy has been proposed as an animal model for neuroleptic ...

We have previously shown that the orexin-1 antagonist SB-334867 blocks the electrophysiological effects of haloperidol and olanzapine on the activity of A9 and A10 dopamine neurons. To evaluate if orexin-1 antagonists might block other effects of antipsychotic drugs in animals, we examined the effects of SB-334867 on behavioral, neurochemical, and neuroendocrine effects of antipsychotic drugs. ...

UNLABELLED The purpose of the present study was to measure adenosine A(2A) receptor (A(2A)R) occupancy in the brain by a novel adenosine A(1)/A(2A) antagonist, 5-[5-amino-3-(4fluorophenyl)pyrazin-2-yl]-1-isopropylpyridine-2(1H)-one (ASP5854), and to determine the degree of receptor occupancy necessary to inhibit haloperidol-induced catalepsy in rhesus monkeys. METHODS A(2A)R occupancy by ASP5...

OBJECTIVES Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress play a key role in pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study we investigated the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger WR-1065 on catalepsy and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) level of interleukin 6(IL-6) and striatum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced experimental model of PD. ...

Depression found in Parkinson disease (PD) usually responds to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Drugs that modify experimental neuroleptic catalepsy (NC) might affect extrapyramidal symptoms in PD. Therefore, the effects of SSRIs on NC were tested in mice, 26-36 g, separated by sex. Catalepsy was induced with haloperidol (H; 1 mg/kg, ip) and measured at 30-min intervals using a ...

Recently, clinical cases of parkinsonism due to antiarrhythmics drugs amiodarone and aprindine and a local anesthetic drug procaine have been reported. We performed both in vivo and in vitro experiments to quantitatively predict the intensity of catalepsy by these drugs and haloperidol in mice. Haloperidol showed the most potent relative intensity of catalepsy, followed by aprindine, metoclopra...

An involvement of glutamatergic transmission in schizophrenia has been postulated for several years. According to that view, hypofunction of NMDA receptors and a compensatory increase in glutamate release which overstimulates non-NMDA receptors contributes to psychotic symptoms. Therefore, potential antipsychotic drugs are searched for among compounds which block AMPA receptors and inhibit glut...

The rat ventromedial thalamic nucleus (VM) is a point of convergence of several pathways that are supposed to be involved in motor control. Cortical fibers terminating within this nucleus use an excitatory amino acid, possibly L-glutamate, as their transmitter. Excitatory amino acids are known to interact with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), kainate, and quisqualate receptors, the presence of whic...

Neuroleptic drugs used in the treatment of schizophrenia and other affective disorders are known to produce extrapyramidal side effects. Catalepsy induced by these drugs in Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, animals has been used as a model for the extrapyramidal side effects associated with Mangalore 575 001, Karnataka, antipsychotic agents in human beings. In the present st...

Background Albizia zygia is used in Ghanaian traditional medicine for the management of mental disorders. The present study tested the hypothesis that an extract of the leaves of Albizia zygia (AZE) may possess antipsychotic and antidepressant properties. Method The novelty- and apomorphine-induced locomotor and rearing behaviours of AZE in mice were explored in an open-field observational te...