Cardiac ischemia occurs when there is a supply versus demand mismatch in coronary blood flow. In patients who present with unstable angina, ischemia occurs due to partial or total occlusion of a coronary artery due to plaque rupture. In stable angina however, there is progressive vascular occlusion resulting ultimately in a luminal stenosis of greater than 70%, impeding blood flow to the distal...

objective(s) the aim of this study was to investigate the overall effect of cardiac vasoactive factors during coronary occlusion and reperfusion on peripheral vascular tone, using a sequential isolated rabbit heart-ear perfusion model. materials and methods isolated ears were perfused with the effluent of isolated hearts subjected to ischemia (30 min) and reperfusion (180 min, n=6). the compara...

AIM To evaluate the cardioprotective effect of sevoflurane on a beating heart in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with normal preoperative left ventricular function. METHODS The randomized controlled study included 32 patients induced with sevoflurane and then randomized to receive either 1 minimal alveolar concentration (MAC) end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane (n=16) o...

OBJECTIVE Peripheral vascular surgery involving limb ischemia/reperfusion is associated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha production and an increased risk of cardiac complications. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in myocardial apoptosis and dysfunction following hindlimb ischemia/reperfusion. DESIGN Randomized perspective animal study. S...

Varadarajan, Srinivasan G., Jianzhong An, Enis Novalija, Steven C. Smart, and David F. Stowe. Changes in [Na]i, compartmental [Ca ], and NADH with dysfunction after global ischemia in intact hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 280: H280–H293, 2001.—We measured the effects of global ischemia and reperfusion on intracellular Na, NADH, cytosolic and mitochondrial (subscript mito) Ca, relaxatio...

The paper describes an optimization problem of identifying heart ischemia using ECG measurements on the torso surface. Heart ischemia is a condition of reduced blood supply to cardiac tissue and can lead to heart infarctions. In the simulations, we model the cardiac electrical activity by a stationary form of the bidomain equations. These are solved using an adaptive finite element method on a ...

Background—Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are central mediators of cardiac dysfunction after ischemia/ reperfusion. ATP binding cassette mitochondrial erythroid (ABC-me; ABCB10; mABC2) is a mitochondrial transporter highly induced during erythroid differentiation and predominantly expressed in bone marrow, liver, and heart. Until now, ABC-me function in heart was unknown. Severa...

Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are present in all higher eukaryotic cells and are essential for cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Sharing common precursor with polyamines, nitric oxide (NO) is associated with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by the generation of peroxynitrite. Although polyamines have been implicated in tissue ischemia injury, their metabolism...

objective: although coronary artery disease (cad) is the leading cause of death in type 2 diabetic patients, it is frequently asymptomatic. myocardial perfusion imaging (mpi) is reported to show ischemia in a significant number of asymptomatic diabetic patients. we studied the prevalence and severity of myocardial perfusion defects in asymptomatic diabetic patients and its clinical impact. meth...