This chapter focuses on medical nutrition therapy (MNT) in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), which is vital to achieve metabolic control in patients suffering from this disease. The nutritional goals for people with T1DM are reviewed, which aim at maintaining near-normal blood glucose levels by coordinating insulin therapy, diet, and physical activity patterns. A nutrition prescription is given,...

BACKGROUND Continuous glucose monitoring highlights the complexity of postprandial glucose patterns present in type 1 diabetes and points to the limitations of current approaches to mealtime insulin dosing based primarily on carbohydrate counting. METHODS A systematic review of all relevant biomedical databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlle...

introduction: counting is of the most basic mathematical abilities. many researches have demonstrated that different perceptual abilities can affect counting skills. we investigated the impact of visual search (vs) and visuoumotor organization (vmo) on counting speed. material  and  methods:   a  total  of  40  people  in  two  groups  of borderline  and  normal intellectual ability (20 subject...

Keeping the blood glucose levels within safe range during meals and exercise still represents a major hurdle not only for patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), but also Artificial Pancreas (AP) systems. One of reasons fully (autonomous) closed-loop solution has been released onto market yet is slow action current insulin analogs. To partially overcome this limitation, authors have previously des...

background: premenstrual syndrome (pms) is one of the most common disorders in women in reproductive age. the study aimed to assess the effect of carbohydrate-rich supplements and diets on premenstrual syndrome. methods: the study was conducted within two stages. first stage was descriptive cross sectional investigation to find out frequency and subjects diagnosed as pms according to the apa cr...

OBJECTIVE To compare a modified fixed meal dosing strategy to flexible meal dosing in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Patients (N = 126) with refractory hyperglycemia or requiring at least 20 units of insulin per day were randomly assigned to fixed meal dosing (including withholding the dose if less than half of the meal tray was consumed) or flexible m...