Formation of partly dissociated water chains is observed on CaO(001) films upon water exposure at 300 K. While morphology and orientation of the 1D assemblies are revealed from scanning tunneling microscopy, their atomic structure is identified with infrared absorption spectroscopy combined with density functional theory calculations. The latter exploit an ab initio genetic algorithm linked to ...

The earliest existing text on TCMs, the book Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing (“Ben” means root and “Cao” means shoot), was written sometime during the Qin and Han Dynasties (221 BC – 220 AD). This book was based on the work of medical experts who gathered a plethora of information before the Qin Dynasty. The book covered 365 types of medicine, some of which are still used in contemporary medicine. The S...

Extracellular calcium concentrations (Cao) > 0.1 mM are required for the differentiation of normal human keratinocytes in culture. Increments in Cao result in acute and sustained increases in the intracellular calcium level (Cai), postulated to involve both a release of calcium from intracellular stores and a subsequent increase in calcium influx through nonspecific cation channels. The sustain...

Sun Y1, Zhao Y2, Lu X2 and Cao D2* 1Pharmaceutical Department, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China 2Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun 130021, China *Corresponding author: Cao D, Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, XinMinZhu Street 71, Changchun, China, Tel: 15804300125; E-mail: caotianbo@126...

A composting toilet, using charcoal and rice husk as matrixes, requires inactivation treatment against pathogenic microorganisms derived from human feces before agricultural reuse. High pH conditions by adding calcium oxide (CaO) and wood ash is effective for lethal inactivation of pathogenic bacteria. However, quantitative information about application is limited. Therefore this study investig...

BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health concern, accounting for 3 million deaths annually, 90% of which occur in low- and middle-income countries. Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) as a contributory factor in the aetiology of COPD is under debate, with most epidemiologic evidence suggesting a positive association. OBJECTIVES To compile a systematic review o...

Animal wastes are a major contributor of nutrients and enteric microorganisms to surface water and ground water. Polyacrylamide (PAM) mixtures are an effective flocculent, and we hypothesized that they would reduce transport of microorganisms in flowing water. After waste water running at 60.0 1 min(-1) flowed over PAM + Al2(SO4)3, or PAM + CaO in furrows, total coliform bacteria (TC) and fecal...

Using a transient hot-wire method, the thermal conductivity of the CaO–SiO2–B2O3 mold flux system was measured. The effects of temperature, BO1.5 concentration and basicity on the thermal conductivity were considered, along with structural investigation by Raman spectroscopy. It was found that the addition of boron oxide caused both a decrement and increment of thermal conductivity, depending o...

OBJECTIVE To assess the sensitivity and specificity of flow-volume curves in detecting central airway obstruction (CAO), and to determine whether their quantitative and qualitative criteria are associated with the location, type and degree of obstruction. METHODS Over a four-month period, we consecutively evaluated patients with bronchoscopy indicated. Over a one-week period, all patients und...