backgrounds: seminoma is frequently observed in human and canine testes especially in cryptorchids. canine and human seminomas are typically associated with leukocytic infiltration. objectives: we aimed to identify the type of lymphocytes that infiltrate to seminomas. methods: tumor infiltrating lymphocytes were evaluated by immunohistological techniques in 5 dogs with diffuse seminoma. routine...

Because certain antiganglioside monoclonal antibodies can facilitate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against GD2+ ganglioside-bearing human and canine tumor cells, we wished to determine if clinically relevant antiganglioside monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) could also fix canine complement to lyse tumor cells in vitro. Using flow cytometry, human tumor cell lines (M21 melanoma and OHS ost...

Canine transmigration is a very rare dental anomaly in which an unerupted mandibular canine migrates, crossing the mandibular midline. This unusual condition is most often diagnosed by chance during a routine X-ray examination. The most common clinical signs announcing the presence of this anomaly are over-retention of the deciduous canine and the absence of permanent canine from the dental arc...

Background: In the literature, there are few studies on included mandibular canines and possible therapeutic solutions for arch restoration. The aim of this review was to evaluate how recovery is performed in adolescent patients with mixed or permanent dentition. clinical case reported that successful orthodontic surgical treatment an 11-year-old mixed-dentition patient right canine. Methods: A...

Transmigration of canine is a rare phenomenon. The prevalence of transmigration of mandibular canine has been found to be only 0.14%-0.31%. The treatment of impacted transmigrated canine is very complicated if it is diagnosed at a later stage. We report 4 cases of transmigration of mandibular canine and review the literature regarding the etiology and treatment. Panoramic radiograph should be t...

UNLABELLED Canine impactions are frequently encountered, occurring in 1.7% of the population. The aim of this paper is to provide guidance on the assessment and management of cases which present in general dental practice. Canine position is considered in four categories; canine overlap with adjacent incisor, vertical canine height, angulation to midline and position of canine root apex. Good, ...

Tooth transposition can be described as interchange in position of two adjacent permanent teeth the same quadrant. A case with a maxillary dilacerated central and tranposition canine-lateral incisor, treated forced eruption piezosurgical technique to shorter treatment time. Treatment is challenging for both orthodontists oral surgeons. Using cone-beam computed tomography necessary correct local...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics and piezocision in rapid canine retraction. METHODS The sample consisted of 20 patients (15-25 years old) with Class II Division 1 malocclusions. The suggested treatment plan was extraction of the maxillary first premolars with subsequent canine retraction. The sample was divided into...

Programmed death 1 (PD-1), an immunoinhibitory receptor, and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), its ligand, together induce the "exhausted" status in antigen-specific lymphocytes and are thus involved in the immune evasion of tumor cells. In this study, canine PD-1 and PD-L1 were molecularly characterized, and their potential as therapeutic targets for canine tumors was discussed. The canine PD...

Canine impactions can lead to varying signs and symptoms with some of them being poor craniofacial development, improper occlusion unpleasant esthetics. Patients normally do not notice canine unless they have these symptoms. Different surgical methods are used expose the impacted canines help in their eruption. Alignment teeth into arch after exposure needs proper treatment planning orthodontic...